The "+" for CRIRES: enabling better science at infrared wavelength and high spectral resolution at the ESO VLT

Dorn, Reinhold J.; Follert, Roman; Bristow, Paul; Cumani, Claudio; Eschbaumer, Siegfried; Grunhut, J.; Haimerl, Andreas; Hatzes, A. P.; Heiter, U.; Hinterschuster, Renate; Ives, Derek; Jung, Yves; Kerber, F.; Klein, Barbara; Lavail, Alexis; Lizon, Jean Louis; Löwinger, Tom; Molina-Conde, Ignacio; Nicholson, Belinda; Marquart, Thomas; Oliva, E.; Origlia, L.; Pasquini, L.; Paufique, J.; Piskunov, Nikolai; Reiners, A.; Seemann, U.; Stegmeier, Jörg; Stempels, Eric; Tordo, Sebastien

doi:10.1117/12.2232837

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Currently, such data can be collected at the 3 m class telescopes with iSHELL (R ¼ 75 000, Rayner et al 2016), IGRINS (R ¼ 40 000, Park et al 2014), SPIRou (R ¼ 75 000, Artigau et al 2014), and GIANO (R ¼ 50 000, Oliva et al 2013). The upgraded CRIRES instrument at the ESO 8-m VLT (Dorn et al 2016), capable of delivering R ¼ 10 5 K-band spectra, will become operational in 2021. Spectropolarimetric studies of low-mass stars require highly specialised instrumentation-a combination of high-resolution, dual-beam spectrometer and a polarimetric unit-that is not commonly available at many observatories.…”

Section: Instrumentation For Magnetic Field Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic fields of M dwarfs

Kochukhov

2020

Astron Astrophys Rev

100

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Magnetic fields play a fundamental role for interior and atmospheric properties of M dwarfs and greatly influence terrestrial planets orbiting in the habitable zones of these low-mass stars. Determination of the strength and topology of magnetic fields, both on stellar surfaces and throughout the extended stellar magnetospheres, is a key ingredient for advancing stellar and planetary science. Here, modern methods of magnetic field measurements applied to M-dwarf stars are reviewed, with an emphasis on direct diagnostics based on interpretation of the Zeeman effect signatures in high-resolution intensity and polarisation spectra. Results of the mean field strength measurements derived from Zeeman broadening analyses as well as information on the global magnetic geometries inferred by applying tomographic mapping methods to spectropolarimetric observations are summarised and critically evaluated. The emerging understanding of the complex, multi-scale nature of M-dwarf magnetic fields is discussed in the context of theoretical models of hydromagnetic dynamos and stellar interior structure altered by magnetic fields.

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Section: Instrumentation For Magnetic Field Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic fields of M dwarfs

Kochukhov

2020

Astron Astrophys Rev

100

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“…To extend such studies to more obscured regions across the Galactic disk, new-generation near-IR highresolution spectrographs, e.g. CRIRES + (Dorn et al, 2016) and WINERED (Ikeda et al, 2016), will be useful thanks to their high sensitivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Distance Determinations on Galactic Structure. I. Young and Intermediate-Age Tracers

Matsunaga¹,

Bono²,

Chen³

et al. 2018

Space Sci Rev

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“…Two other near-IR laser-frequency comb-based spectrographs, the Habitable Planet Finder (HPF: Y and J bands) for the 9.2 m Hobby-Eberly Telescope (Mahadevan et al, 2012 ) and SPIRou (Y, J, H, and K bands) for the 3.6 m Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (Delfosse et al, 2013 ), will be ready for use in 2017. Beyond 2018, high-precision spectrographs for planet surveys will be commissioned: CRIRES plus for the Very Large Telescope (VLT; Follert et al, 2014 ; Dorn et al, 2016 ), iLocater for the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT; Crepp et al, 2016 ), Near InfraRed Planet Searcher (NIRPS) as a near-IR version of the High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS) for the 3.6 m telescope at La Silla Observatory, and the Echelle SPectrograph for Rocky Exoplanet and Stable Spectroscopic Observations (ESPRESSO) with VLT, which is the first spectrograph designed with the goal of reaching 20 cm/s for its overall RV precision (Pepe et al, 2014 ). Eventually, the measurements made by such instruments will be limited by noise imparted by our own atmosphere.…”

Section: Characterizing Transiting Planetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exoplanet Biosignatures: Observational Prospects

et al. 2018

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Exoplanet hunting efforts have revealed the prevalence of exotic worlds with diverse properties, including Earth-sized bodies, which has fueled our endeavor to search for life beyond the Solar System. Accumulating experiences in astrophysical, chemical, and climatological characterization of uninhabitable planets are paving the way to characterization of potentially habitable planets. In this paper, we review our possibilities and limitations in characterizing temperate terrestrial planets with future observational capabilities through the 2030s and beyond, as a basis of a broad range of discussions on how to advance “astrobiology” with exoplanets. We discuss the observability of not only the proposed biosignature candidates themselves but also of more general planetary properties that provide circumstantial evidence, since the evaluation of any biosignature candidate relies on its context. Characterization of temperate Earth-sized planets in the coming years will focus on those around nearby late-type stars. The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and later 30-meter-class ground-based telescopes will empower their chemical investigations. Spectroscopic studies of potentially habitable planets around solar-type stars will likely require a designated spacecraft mission for direct imaging, leveraging technologies that are already being developed and tested as part of the Wide Field InfraRed Survey Telescope (WFIRST) mission. Successful initial characterization of a few nearby targets will be an important touchstone toward a more detailed scrutiny and a larger survey that are envisioned beyond 2030. The broad outlook this paper presents may help develop new observational techniques to detect relevant features as well as frameworks to diagnose planets based on the observables. Key Words: Exoplanets—Biosignatures—Characterization—Planetary atmospheres—Planetary surfaces. Astrobiology 18, 739–778.

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The "+" for CRIRES: enabling better science at infrared wavelength and high spectral resolution at the ESO VLT

Cited by 15 publications

References 2 publications

Magnetic fields of M dwarfs

Magnetic fields of M dwarfs

Impact of Distance Determinations on Galactic Structure. I. Young and Intermediate-Age Tracers

Exoplanet Biosignatures: Observational Prospects

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