The foot and ankle complex as a four degrees‐of‐freedom system: Kinematic coupling among the foot bones
Michele Conconi,
Nicola Sancisi,
Alberto Leardini
et al.
Abstract:Seventy‐eight parameters are theoretically needed to describe the relative position and orientation of all the 14 bones in the foot and ankle with respect to a reference bone (foot posture). However, articular contacts and soft tissues introduce kinematic coupling, reducing the number of the foot degrees‐of‐freedom (DOF). This study aims at providing quantification and definition of these couplings. The foot posture was measured in vitro through a series of computed tomography scans, spanning the whole range o… Show more
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