The flowering hormone florigen functions as a general systemic regulator of growth and termination

Shalit, Akiva; Rozman, Alexander; Goldshmidt, Alexander; Alvarez, John Paul; Bowman, John L.; Eshed, Yuval; Lifschitz, Eliezer

doi:10.1073/pnas.0810810106

Cited by 311 publications

(371 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…Because TFL1 homologs in different species can also bind FD and 14-3-3 (Pnueli et al, 2001;Purwestri et al, 2009;Hanano and Goto, 2011), FvTFL1 may inhibit flowering by competing for binding partners with FvFT1. This is consistent with the regulation of flowering in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), in which the balance between the expression of FT and TFL1 homologs controls flowering (Shalit et al, 2009). However, in SD F. vesca, both FvFT1 and FvTFL1 are downregulated under flower-inductive conditions.…”

Section: Regulation Of Fvtfl1 Mrna Expression Controls Photoperiodic supporting

confidence: 62%

Mutation inTERMINAL FLOWER1Reverses the Photoperiodic Requirement for Flowering in the Wild StrawberryFragaria vesca

et al. 2012

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Photoperiodic flowering has been extensively studied in the annual short-day and long-day plants rice (Oryza sativa) and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), whereas less is known about the control of flowering in perennials. In the perennial wild strawberry, Fragaria vesca (Rosaceae), short-day and perpetual flowering long-day accessions occur. Genetic analyses showed that differences in their flowering responses are caused by a single gene, SEASONAL FLOWERING LOCUS, which may encode the F. vesca homolog of TERMINAL FLOWER1 (FvTFL1). We show through high-resolution mapping and transgenic approaches that FvTFL1 is the basis of this change in flowering behavior and demonstrate that FvTFL1 acts as a photoperiodically regulated repressor. In short-day F. vesca, long photoperiods activate FvTFL1 mRNA expression and short days suppress it, promoting flower induction. These seasonal cycles in FvTFL1 mRNA level confer seasonal cycling of vegetative and reproductive development. Mutations in FvTFL1 prevent long-day suppression of flowering, and the early flowering that then occurs under long days is dependent on the F. vesca homolog of FLOWERING LOCUS T. This photoperiodic response mechanism differs from those described in model annual plants. We suggest that this mechanism controls flowering within the perennial growth cycle in F. vesca and demonstrate that a change in a single gene reverses the photoperiodic requirements for flowering.

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Section: Regulation Of Fvtfl1 Mrna Expression Controls Photoperiodic supporting

confidence: 62%

Mutation inTERMINAL FLOWER1Reverses the Photoperiodic Requirement for Flowering in the Wild StrawberryFragaria vesca

et al. 2012

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“…These include bud dormancy in Vitis vinifera (Vergara et al, 2016), seasonal control of growth in Populus spp. (Böhlenius et al, 2006;Tylewicz et al, 2015), bud dormancy in conifers (Gyllenstrand et al, 2007), meristem growth termination in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum; Shalit et al, 2009), and tuberization in potato (Navarro et al, 2011). Overall, these observations suggest that FT orthologs may function as mobile signals in meristem-associated transitions in nonfloral pathways.…”

Section: Stsp6a An Ft Ortholog Of Potato Is a Signal For Tuberizationmentioning

confidence: 71%

The Multiple Signals That Control Tuber Formation

Hannapel

Sharma²,

Lin³

et al. 2017

Plant Physiol.

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“…QTLs for additional vegetative and reproductive traits map to this locus in multiple crosses Wills and Burke 2007;, and NILs segregating for the locus show genotype-dependent differences in some of these traits (Blackman et al 2010). Genetic evidence supports roles for FT in plant architecture, meristem size, leaf development, and abscission zone formation in Arabidopsis and tomato ( Jeong and Clark 2005;Jeong et al 2008;Melzer et al 2008;Shalit et al 2009;Krieger et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…FT expression is also promoted by circadian signals through a CO-independent pathway that represses FT repressors ( Jung et al 2007;Mathieu et al 2009;Wu et al 2009). FT protein travels from the leaf through the phloem to the shoot apical meristem (Corbesier et al 2007;Jaeger and Wigge 2007;Lin et al 2007;Mathieu et al 2007;Tamaki et al 2007;Shalit et al 2009). There it induces the meristem integrators SUPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1) and APETALA1 (AP1; Abe et al 2005;Wigge et al 2005;Yoo et al 2005), which in turn promote expression of the meristem identity protein LEAFY (LFY) and initiate a signaling cascade of floral homeotic genes that pattern the floral meristem.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions of Flowering Time Genes to Sunflower Domestication and Improvement

et al. 2011

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Determining the identity and distribution of molecular changes leading to the evolution of modern crop species provides major insights into the timing and nature of historical forces involved in rapid phenotypic evolution. In this study, we employed an integrated candidate gene strategy to identify loci involved in the evolution of flowering time during early domestication and modern improvement of the sunflower (Helianthus annuus). Sunflower homologs of many genes with known functions in flowering time were isolated and cataloged. Then, colocalization with previously mapped quantitative trait loci (QTLs), expression, or protein sequence differences between wild and domesticated sunflower, and molecular evolutionary signatures of selective sweeps were applied as step-wise criteria for narrowing down an original pool of 30 candidates. This process led to the discovery that five paralogs in the FLOWERING LOCUS T/TERMINAL FLOWER 1 gene family experienced selective sweeps during the evolution of cultivated sunflower and may be the causal loci underlying flowering time QTLs. Our findings suggest that gene duplication fosters evolutionary innovation and that natural variation in both coding and regulatory sequences of these paralogs responded to a complex history of artificial selection on flowering time during the evolution of cultivated sunflower.

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The flowering hormone florigen functions as a general systemic regulator of growth and termination

Abstract: The florigen paradigm implies a universal flowering-inducing hormone that is common to all flowering plants. Recent

Cited by 311 publications

References 39 publications

Mutation inTERMINAL FLOWER1Reverses the Photoperiodic Requirement for Flowering in the Wild StrawberryFragaria vesca

Mutation inTERMINAL FLOWER1Reverses the Photoperiodic Requirement for Flowering in the Wild StrawberryFragaria vesca

The Multiple Signals That Control Tuber Formation

Contributions of Flowering Time Genes to Sunflower Domestication and Improvement

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