The Flow Index of Clays and Its Relationship with Some Basic Geotechnical Properties

Spagnoli, Giovanni; Feinendegen, Martin; Matteo, Lucio Di; Rubinos, David A.

doi:10.1520/gtj20180110

Cited by 22 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The same concept was used for Casagrande-cup liquid limit (i.e. w L ) test data by Fang (1960) (and also in the recent work of Spagnoli et al (2019)). FI c ð%Þ ¼ @w ð%Þ @log 10 d ð3Þ…”

Section: Thread-rolling Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of fall-cone flow index for soil classification: a new plasticity chart

et al. 2023

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Use of the Casagrande-style plasticity chart to classify fine-grained soils using Atterberg's liquid and plastic limits is ubiquitous in geotechnical engineering. This classification is dependent on the thread-rolling and Casagrande-cup tests, which are both more operator dependent than the fall-cone liquid limit test. This paper shows that the slope of the data acquired during the fall-cone liquid limit test (the fall-cone flow index) can be used to redraw the plasticity chart, thus allowing classification of fine-grained soils to be achieved solely from fall-cone liquid limit data.

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Section: Thread-rolling Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of fall-cone flow index for soil classification: a new plasticity chart

et al. 2023

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“…However, many studies showed that the use of semi-logarithmic plot gives much more consistent results than arithmetic plot in experimental relationships regarding soil behavior [31]. From this point of view, it is stated that the flow index, which is the slope of the semilogarithmic graph, is dimensionless, unlike the slope of the flow curve plotted at natural scale [31,32]. Within the scope of this study, a correlation has been developed between the flow index and both the liquid limit and plasticity index without the need for any assumptions.…”

Section: Variation Of Flow Index With Atterberg Limitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The flow index (Iƒ), which is the slope of the water content versus log10(N) plot in the percussion cup method or the slope of the water content versus log10(d) plot of the cone penetration method of determining the liquid limit of soils is a measure of soil plasticity [31][32][33][34]. Analysis of experimental data on clays with widely varying plasticity properties and mineralogical origins shows that there is a good correlation between the plasticity index and the flow index in both the Fallcone and the Casagrande method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of Atterberg Limits, Liquidity Index, Flow Index and Undrained Shear Strength Behavior in Binary Clay Mixtures

Karakan¹

2022

Preprint

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In geotechnical engineering applications, it is very important to obtain the undrained shear strength of remolded soils accurately and reliably. This study aims to obtain a trustworthy solution to determine the undrained shear strength of remolded clay mixtures using Atterberg limit test results in various states of consistency. An experimental study was carried out involving a wide range of clay mixtures of varying plasticity and geological origin. In the analyses, the variation of the remolded undrained shear strength depending on the cone penetration depth, water content, flow index, liquidity index and log liquidity index were investigated. In the study, the highest undrained shear strength of 100% Na-montmorillonite (NaM) was obtained at 171.89 kPa at 56.60% water content, while the lowest undrained shear strength was obtained for 100% Sepiolite (S), 9.28 kPa at 31.65% water content. The results of this study revealed that the shear strength is significantly affected by soil conditions, rather than dominant clay mineral. Besides, it was observed that the undrained shear strength at the plastic limit was approximately 30-35 times greater than that at liquid limit. The equations of liquid limit-flow index and plasticity index- flow index were proposed. It was concluded that the interdependence between undrained shear strength, liquidity index, log liquidity index, and flow index is not unique due to the different physical and chemical properties of clays.

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“…Empirical correlations are widely used in geotechnical engineering applications to estimate the engineering properties of both fine-grained soils and sand-clay mixtures (Cabalar and Hasan 2013;Karakan and Demir 2018;Cabalar and Demir 2019;Miftah et al 2020). In the past, concerning cohesive soils, many interrelationships among engineering properties were proposed Trauner 2004, 2005;Dolinar and Škrabl 2013;Quintela et al 2014;Sivakumar et al 2015;Shimobe 2000Shimobe , 2010Shimobe , 2012Ng et al 2017;Wang et al 2017;Nagaraj et al 2018;O'Kelly et al 2018;Vardanega et al 2018;Rehman et al 2018;Shimobe and Spagnoli 2019;Spagnoli et al 2019). Thereby, index, compression, and strength properties available as well as correlations can be used as viable tools for validation of results of laboratory tests-in the preliminary design of geotechnical structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved dataset for establishing novel relationships between compaction characteristics and physical properties of soils

Shimobe

Karakan

Sezer

2021

Bull Eng Geol Environ

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In the past, several studies were performed for assessment of compaction properties of different types of soils. A comprehensive evaluation of compaction parameters is essential for engineers working in practice. The main goals of compaction in landfills including highways and railways can be listed as reducing permeability and developing strength as well as enhancing the stability of soils. Literature includes various correlations proposed for establishing the link between the compaction properties of soils and Atterberg limits. Besides, many researchers performed laboratory studies to obtain correlations among soil index, strength, compression, and compaction characteristics of soils. In this study, in addition to authors' own data composed of compaction, strength, index, and consistency identifiers of sand-clay mixtures from three different types of sands (S1, S2, Q) and two types of clays (kaolinite and bentonite), a vast amount of data from past studies including tests on different types of soils around the world were also compiled. The global database was evaluated to propose novel correlative relationships among compaction characteristics, grain size distribution properties, and Atterberg limits. Proposed equations and relationships for estimation of compaction characteristics seem to be viable to use in practice.

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The Flow Index of Clays and Its Relationship with Some Basic Geotechnical Properties

Cited by 22 publications

References 32 publications

Use of fall-cone flow index for soil classification: a new plasticity chart

Use of fall-cone flow index for soil classification: a new plasticity chart

Comparative Analysis of Atterberg Limits, Liquidity Index, Flow Index and Undrained Shear Strength Behavior in Binary Clay Mixtures

Improved dataset for establishing novel relationships between compaction characteristics and physical properties of soils

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