The Flora of the Amboy Clays

Newberry, J. S.

doi:10.2307/2477053

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Two species of “ Magnolia ” have been described from the mid-Cretaceous of North America. “ Magnolia ” alternans Heer 1866 (Capellini and Heer, 1866) is reported from the Albian of Alberta and British Columbia (Crabtree, 1987) and the Cenomanian of New Jersey (Newberry, 1895) and Nebraska (Capellini and Heer, 1866). Dawson (1885 [1886]) reported “ Magnolia ” magnifica Dawson 1882 [1883] from the Albian of Alberta.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Placing this morphotype in a previously described taxon is complicated by the absence of preserved venation. Berry (1911a) proposed the name “ Cinnamomum ” newberryi for leaves previously described by Newberry (1895) as Cinnamomum intermedium from the Early Cretaceous Amboy Clays. Specimens illustrated by Newberry (1895) included actinodromous (p. 89, pl.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Dakota Formation (Cenomanian) of the Western Interior of North America preserves an abundant and diverse compression flora (Lesquereux, 1891 [1892]; Upchurch Jr. and Dilcher, 1990; Wang, 2002; Wang and Dilcher, 2006). In addition, smaller compression floras from the late Early Cretaceous and early Late Cretaceous have been reported from South Carolina (Berry, 1914b), Alabama (Berry, 1919), New Jersey (Newberry, 1895), Texas (Berry, 1922), Wyoming (Brown, 1933; Peppe et al, 2008), Washington State (Crabtree, 1987; Miller et al, 2006; Miller and Hickey, 2008, 2010), and the northern Rocky Mountain region (including Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho, and Alberta and British Columbia, Canada, Crabtree, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A mid-Cretaceous angiosperm-dominated macroflora from the Cedar Mountain Formation of Utah, USA

Harris¹,

Arens²

2016

J. Paleontol.

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Angiosperms first appeared in the fossil record as pollen during the Valanginian–Hauterivian; they spread out of the tropics in the Aptian and Albian, and radiated in the Late Cretaceous. Despite these general patterns, details of the taxonomic, geographic, and ecological evolution of Cretaceous angiosperms are relatively poorly known because only a handful of Early and mid-Cretaceous macrofloras have been reported. This is the first detailed report of a fossil leaf flora from the Cedar Mountain Formation from the mid-Cretaceous of the Western Interior. We describe a flora that is overwhelmingly dominated by angiosperms (152 of 153 identified specimens are angiosperms) from the Albian–Cenomanian transition that is preserved in a clay- and carbonate-rich, lacustrine mudstone from the uppermost Cedar Mountain Formation of Emery County, Utah. We recognize 18 leaf morphotypes, all of which are dicotyledonous angiosperms. The majority of the Cedar Mountain morphotypes have taxonomic affinities with forms of similar age described from the Atlantic and Gulf coastal plains and other localities from the Western Interior. From this, we infer that a relatively diverse angiosperm flora grew along the margins of a small pond on the coastal plain. Palynological preparations of the fossil matrix were barren; however, previous studies of other facies within the formation showed that both conifers and ferns were important components of the regional vegetation during Cedar Mountain time. The effective absence of conifers and ferns in this macroflora and low leaf mass per area values among the angiosperms measured suggests that even at the Early–Late Cretaceous transition, angiosperms had come to dominate some sites, particularly those that were disturbed or seasonally ephemeral, where fast-growth or seasonal deciduousness would have been favored.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A mid-Cretaceous angiosperm-dominated macroflora from the Cedar Mountain Formation of Utah, USA

Harris¹,

Arens²

2016

J. Paleontol.

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“…The best understood of these are: "Williamsonia" recentior from the "Upper Blairmore" flora (Middle to Late Albian) of southwestern Alberta, Canada [118,[120][121][122], and Palaeanthus problematicus [118,123,124] from the Amboy Clays (Raritan Formation, Middle to Late Cenomanian) of New Jersey, USA. Palaeanthus in particular resembles fossil gynoecia from the Hoisington locality in central Kansas, which are associated with Liriophyllum leaves and are presumed to have been produced by a plant closely related to Archaeanthus [118, see below].…”

Section: Magnolialesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fossil History of Magnoliid Angiosperms

Friis

Crane

Pedersen

1997

Evolution and Diversification of Land Plants

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The exploration of the origin and diversification of angiosperms has entered an exciting new era. Fresh insights and new results are rapidly accumulating from paleobotany and a wide spectrum of botanical disciplines, and an increasing number of phylogenetic models for seed plant and angiosperm relationships are being developed. Current phylogenetic hypotheses broadly support previous views that the most basal angiosperm taxa fall within a grade of organization corresponding to the subclass Magnoliidae; however, there are divergent views on the resolution of relationships within the magnoliid grade. In part, discrepancies among the results from different analyses reflect difficulties in the polarization of critical reproductive characters, which arise because of the substantial morphological gap between angiosperms and other seed plants and the absence of important angiosperm features (e.g., carpel) in their closest seed plant relatives. These problems are also compounded by the extreme floral diversity among extant Magnoliidae, which ranges from the minute and naked, unisexual, unistaminate/unicarpellate flowers of Hedyosmum (Chloranthaceae) to the large bisexual and multipartite flowers of Magnolia (Magnoliaceae).Despite uncertainties in resolving relationships at the base of the angiosperm phylogenetic tree some consensus on patterns of character evolution is beginning to emerge. In particular there are strong indications from the study of fossil material that small, simple flowers may be basic in angiosperms, rather than larger multipartite floral structures similar to those of the woody Magnoliaceae [1][2][3][4]. This result is broadly congruent with several recent phylogenetic analyses of extant angiosperms based on comparative morphology [5][6][7], as well as phylogenetic analyses of molecular data [8][9][10]. Several authors now support the

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“…Despite a constant flow of newly described palaeofloras from across the world, some regions, such as eastern Canada, remain poorly represented in the fossil record. The southern half of the palaeocontinent of Appalachia is well represented by coastal and estuarine floras ranging in time from the Barremian to the Cenomanian (Newberry ; MacNeal ; Doyle & Hickey ), and changes from the Albian to the Turonian are represented by floras from the western coast of Laramidia (Miller et al . ; Jonsson & Hebda ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Palaeoclimatic reconstruction for a Cenomanian‐aged angiosperm flora near Schefferville, Labrador

Demers‐Potvin

Larsson

2019

Palaeontology

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An understanding of local and regional climate trends is essential to investigate the remarkable angiosperm radiation that happened during the Albian–Cenomanian transition. However, many of the inland depositional environments pioneered by the first modern angiosperms are poorly represented in the fossil record. Eastern Canada, in particular, has a very poor Mesozoic record. In this paper, we present the first multivariate palaeoclimate analysis (CLAMP) for the environment of a geologically isolated woody dicot dominated flora found in the Redmond no.1 mine, Labrador, near Schefferville, with an estimated Cenomanian age. It reveals that the Redmond flora would have experienced a mean annual temperature of 15.1 ± 2.1°C, one of the coolest recorded for North America at this time. These results confer the Redmond no.1 site a warm temperate and fully humid climate with a hot summer, in accordance with previous qualitative palaeoclimate estimates. This flora fits smoothly into palaeolatitudinal MAT gradients that use other Cenomanian‐estimated North American floras. Despite an inland setting, the climate analysis does not recover a significantly higher degree of seasonality than the sites to which it is compared, which agrees with established climate equability models for the Cretaceous and Palaeogene. This study also introduces 15 new morphotypes discovered in recent fieldwork. The eventual description of the species they represent may refine our dating estimates for the Redmond Formation. A greater understanding of the depositional environment and of the natural history of these angiosperms is required to improve this community's characterization, along with estimates from other proxies.

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The Flora of the Amboy Clays

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

A mid-Cretaceous angiosperm-dominated macroflora from the Cedar Mountain Formation of Utah, USA

A mid-Cretaceous angiosperm-dominated macroflora from the Cedar Mountain Formation of Utah, USA

Fossil History of Magnoliid Angiosperms

Palaeoclimatic reconstruction for a Cenomanian‐aged angiosperm flora near Schefferville, Labrador

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