The flame retardant tetrabromobisphenol-A and its metabolite found in river and marine sediments in Japan

Watanabe, Ichiro; Kashimoto, Takashi; Tatsukawa, Ryo

doi:10.1016/0045-6535(83)90084-x

Cited by 66 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…7,8,9 The same might be true for the ether derivatives, although to our knowledge there are no studies that support that conclusion. Field analyses have detected the dimethoxy derivative of TBBPA (TBBPA-DMe) in tissues of marine organisms, 7 but reports are conflicting as to whether TBBPA-DMe is actually used as a flame retardant; for instance, Alaee et al 10 and de Wit 4 have claimed that it is indeed the case, whereas the Bromine Science and Environmental Forum (BSEF) asserts that it is not (K.P. Rothenbacher, 2008, pers.…”

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confidence: 67%

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Investigation of sorption phenomena by solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography for the determination of some ether derivatives of tetrabromobisphenol A

Jonsson¹,

Hörsing²

2009

J of Physical Organic Chem

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To cite this version:Susanne Jonsson, Maritha Hörsing. Investigation of sorption phenomena by solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography for the determination of some ether derivatives of tetrabromobisphenol A. Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry, Wiley, 2009, 22 (11) AbstractObserved sorption and chromatographic behaviour served as a starting point for examination of four ether derivatives of the flame retardant tetrabromobisphenol (TBBPA); dihydroxyethyl (DHEE), dimethyl (DMe), diallyl (DAE) and dibromopropyl (DBPE). To date, there is little or no information about these compounds in the scientific literature. The targets in the present study had calculated log K ow values of 6.0-10. A broad range of different types of solvents were used in order to elucidate the mechanisms of sorption onto silica (glass) and two solid phase extraction cartridges based on polystyrene divinylbenzene polymers, hydroxylated (Isolute ENV+) and vinylpyrrolidone (Oasis HLB) containing units. Also, three chromatographic columns (C18, C8, and dual C18-based, i.e. a polar ligand together with C18 on a silica surface) were evaluated. The following were observed: desorption of the targets from silica surface by 1-propanol showed the best results and the yields were further improved by silylation of the surface. Regardless of the experimental test conditions applied, the lowest recovery was seen for the DMe derivative, followed by TBBPA itself, which had calculated log K ow values in between the other targets. A washing solution containing up to 70% of methanol could be used without elution of the targets from the . The dihydroxethyl ether derivative of TBBPA is most probably not affected by environmental relevant pH due to a likely high pKa (ca 15). Also, this study shows that the polar character of the dual-phase column was not as pronounced as asserted by the manufacturer.

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confidence: 67%

“…Furthermore, it has been suggested that TBBPA-DMe is a product of microbe-mediated transformation of TBBPA. 7 Sorption of hydrophobic constituents is usually ascribed to the organic (carbon) content of the matrix of interest, such as soil and sediment, but adsorption of hydrophobic compounds to mineral surfaces has been studied as well.…”

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confidence: 99%

Investigation of sorption phenomena by solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography for the determination of some ether derivatives of tetrabromobisphenol A

Jonsson¹,

Hörsing²

2009

J of Physical Organic Chem

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“…It has also been suggested that TBBPA may be subjected to microbial methylation, since TBBPA-bismethyl ether (TBBPA-bME) has been found in environmental samples such as mussels (Mytilus edulis) and river sediments (Watanabe et al, 1983a(Watanabe et al, , 1983b.…”

Section: Transformation In the Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and its derivatives in food

2011

EFSA Journal

109

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EFSA was asked by the European Commission to deliver a scientific opinion on tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and its derivatives in food. TBBPA and its derivatives are widely used as flame retardants. TBBPA is primarily used as reactive flame retardant covalently bound to epoxy and polycarbonate resins. TBBPA derivatives are used as either reactive or additive intermediates in polymer manufacture. Data from the analysis of TBBPA in 652 food samples were submitted to EFSA by four European countries (Ireland, Norway, Spain and the UK), covering the period from 2003 to 2010. All analytical results were reported as less than the limit of quantification (LOQ) and the majority of the samples were in the food group "Fish and other seafood" (n=465). Toxicological studies with TBBPA have been carried out using different experimental designs with single or repeated administration during gestation, postnatally or in adulthood. The main target is thyroid hormone homeostasis. TBBPA is not genotoxic. There are no indications that TBBPA might be carcinogenic. The Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM Panel) identified a lower confidence limit for a benchmark response of 10 % (BMDL 10 ) of 16 mg/kg b.w. reported for changes in thyroid hormones as the critical reference point. Due to the limitations and uncertainties in the database, the Panel concluded that it was inappropriate to use this BMDL to establish a health based guidance value, and therefore used a margin of exposure (MOE) approach for the health risk assessment of TBBPA. In view of the large MOEs, the Panel concluded that current dietary exposure to TBBPA in the European Union does not raise a health concern. Also exposure of infants via for the support provided to this scientific opinion. The CONTAM Panel acknowledges all European competent authorities and other stakeholders that provided TBBPA occurrence data for food and supported the consumption data collection for the Comprehensive European Food Consumption Database. 4 Corrections were made to the abstract, summary, main body of the text and conclusions to include the data submitted by Ireland and the UK through the EFSA BFR call for data. The inclusion of these data does not change the approach taken by the CONTAM Panel, or the conclusions or recommendations.human milk does not raise a health concern. Additional exposure, particularly of young children, to TBBPA from house dust is unlikely to raise a health concern.

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“…As a consequence, TBBPA is an ubiquitously distributed environmental contaminant, and has been frequently detected in sewage sludge, air, dust, water, sediment, soil, and biological matrices (Covaci et al, 2009;de Wit, 2002;Gerecke et al, 2005;Harrad et al, 2009;Law et al, 2006;Luo et al, 2010;S anchez-Brunete et al, 2009;Zhang et al, 2009). Detection of TBBPA and its dimethylated derivative in environmental samples was first reported in Japanese river sediments in 1983 (Watanabe et al, 1983a(Watanabe et al, , 1983b. Human exposure to TBBPA was further demonstrated by analysis of plasma samples from computer technicians, electronic assembly workers, laboratory personnel, and general population (Birnbaum and Staskal, 2004;Covaci et al, 2009;Thomsen et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Fate and metabolism of tetrabromobisphenol A in soil slurries without and with the amendment with the alkylphenol degrading bacterium Sphingomonas sp. strain TTNP3

Wang

Nastold

et al. 2014

Environmental Pollution

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The flame retardant tetrabromobisphenol-A and its metabolite found in river and marine sediments in Japan

Cited by 66 publications

References 7 publications

Investigation of sorption phenomena by solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography for the determination of some ether derivatives of tetrabromobisphenol A

Investigation of sorption phenomena by solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography for the determination of some ether derivatives of tetrabromobisphenol A

Scientific Opinion on Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and its derivatives in food

Fate and metabolism of tetrabromobisphenol A in soil slurries without and with the amendment with the alkylphenol degrading bacterium Sphingomonas sp. strain TTNP3

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