The flame retardancy and smoke suppression effect of a hybrid containing CuMoO4 modified reduced graphene oxide/layered double hydroxide on epoxy resin

Xu, Wenzong; Zhang, Bingliang; Wang, Xiaoling; Wang, Guisong; Ding, Ding

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.09.057

Cited by 159 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…EP composites were prepared by simple blending under ultrasonic agitation . For example, 2 wt% ZIF‐8/RGO was dispersed in the proper amount of acetone with ultrasonic for 10 minutes, and the above solution was sufficiently mixed with epoxy by strong stirring at 60°C, forming a homogeneous mixture.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2.4 | Preparation of ZIF-8/RGO/EP EP composites were prepared by simple blending under ultrasonic agitation. 24 For example, 2 wt% ZIF-8/RGO was dispersed in the proper amount of acetone with ultrasonic for 10 minutes, and the above solution was sufficiently mixed with epoxy by strong stirring at 60°C, forming a homogeneous mixture. Then, a moderate amount of MOCA was added into the above homogeneous mixture and stirred vigorously; subsequently, the mixture was poured into a Teflon mold.…”

Section: Preparation Of Zif-8/rgomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks‐8 modified graphene as a green flame retardant for reducing the fire risk of epoxy resin

Wang

et al. 2018

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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A novel hybrid material of ZIF‐8/RGO (zeolitic imidazolate frameworks‐8 loaded the surface of graphene) was synthesised by a simple method and characterized. Then, ZIF‐8/RGO was added into epoxy resin (EP), and the flame retardancy and smoke suppression of the EP composites were studied. Compared with pure EP, the peak heat release rate and the total heat release of the EP composites were reduced remarkably, and their LOI and UL94 vertical burning rating were also improved. In addition, their smoke production rate and total smoke production were decreased drastically. The improved flame retardancy and smoke suppression were mainly attributed to the physical barrier effect of graphene. Meanwhile, the metal oxide decomposed from ZIF‐8 could contribute to the production of char residue and enhance the compactness of the char layer.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Preparation Of Zif-8/rgomentioning

confidence: 99%

Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks‐8 modified graphene as a green flame retardant for reducing the fire risk of epoxy resin

Wang

et al. 2018

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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“…In recent years, carbon flame retardant, mainly including carbon nanotubes, graphene, expanded graphite, and carbon black, activated carbon (AC), has been used in flame‐retardant EP, polypropylene (PP), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) . It has been reported that carbon flame retardants (including activated carbon) have natural barrier properties, which inhibit thermal transmission and gaseous fuel transfer, thus contributing to thermostability and flame retardancy . AC has been extensively applied in various areas owing to its large specific surface area and residual functional groups; this has resulted in the discovery of a new class of carbon flame retardants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 It has been reported that carbon flame retardants (including activated carbon) have natural barrier properties, which inhibit thermal transmission and gaseous fuel transfer, thus contributing to thermostability and flame retardancy. [17][18][19] AC has been extensively applied in various areas owing to its large specific surface area and residual functional groups 20 ; this has resulted in the discovery of a new class of carbon flame retardants. Unfortunately, the effect of only using AC is not ideal because of its shortcomings such as low flame-retardant efficiency and easy agglomeration.…”

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confidence: 99%

Activated carbon spheres (ACS)@SnO₂@NiO with a 3D nanospherical structure and its synergistic effect with AHP on improving the flame retardancy of epoxy resin

Líu

et al. 2019

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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A novel activated carbon spheres (ACS)@SnO2@NiO hierarchical hybrid architecture was first synthesized and applied for enhancing the flame retardancy of epoxy (EP) resin via a cooperative effect. Herein, using activated carbon microspheres as the template, SnO2 and NiO nanospheres were successively anchored to it by a sedimentation‐calcination strategy. The well‐designed ACS@SnO2@NiO significantly enhanced the flame retardancy for consistency of EP composites, as demonstrated by thermogravimetric and cone calorimeter experiments. For instance, the incorporation of 2 wt% ACS@SnO2@NiO decreased by 15.5% maximum in the total smoke production, accompanying the higher graphitized char layer. In addition, the synergetic mechanism of flame retardancy between ACS@SnO2@NiO and aluminum hypophosphite (AHP) was investigated. The obtained sample satisfied the UL‐94 V‐0 rating with a 5.0 wt% addition of AHP and ACS@SnO2@NiO (the ratio of the mass fraction of AHP to ACS@SnO2@NiO is 4.5:0.5). Notably, the incorporation of AHP and ACS@SnO2@NiO resulted in a significant decrease in the fire hazard properties of EP resin; for instance, 4.5AHP‐0.5ACS@SnO2@NiO/EP resulted in a maximum decrease of 32.4% in the total smoke production as compared with that of pure EP resin. It should be noted that the improved flame‐retardant performance for the EP composites is primarily attributed to the synergistic effect of ACS@SnO2@NiO and AHP in promoting the formation of residual char in the condensed phase.

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“…In the past few years, a series of modifications to LDHs has been made for improving their flame‐retardant performance in polymer . Firstly, LDH surfactant selection and processing adjustment were found to have positive effects on the improvement of the flame retardancy of polymer .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of trace chloride on the char formation and flame retardancy of the LLDPE filled with NiAl‐layered double hydroxides

2018

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Summary Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have received intensive attentions for the potential as flame retardants of polyolefin. In the work, trace amounts of chloride were investigated for their synergistic effects on the char formation and flame retardancy of the linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE) filled with NiAl‐LDHs. Results showed that 0.5 wt% of NH4Cl incorporation enabled the char yield of 20%LDH/LLDPE (20 wt% of NiAl‐LDH) increase from 10.4% to 49.6%. Other chlorides likewise offered significant increase in the char yield of 20%LDH/LLDPE. With the flame‐retardant measurements of cone calorimeter and limiting oxygen index device, it is revealed that the flame retardancy of LLDPE filled with NiAl‐LDHs could be greatly improved when trace amounts of NH4Cl were further introduced. Thermal stability analysis illustrated that the presence of NiAl‐LDHs or NH4Cl all had positive effects on the thermal stability of LLDPE, in which the chlorides influenced the LLDPE thermal stability via direct participation in the degradation of LLDPE. The synergetic mechanism analysis reveals that the introduction of chloride enabled the LLDPE decomposed products have more tendency to grow carbon nanotubes with the presence of NiAl‐LDH catalysts. Finally, the mechanical properties of LLDPE filled with NiAl‐LDHs and NH4Cl were also investigated.

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The flame retardancy and smoke suppression effect of a hybrid containing CuMoO4 modified reduced graphene oxide/layered double hydroxide on epoxy resin

Cited by 159 publications

References 48 publications

Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks‐8 modified graphene as a green flame retardant for reducing the fire risk of epoxy resin

Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks‐8 modified graphene as a green flame retardant for reducing the fire risk of epoxy resin

Activated carbon spheres (ACS)@SnO₂@NiO with a 3D nanospherical structure and its synergistic effect with AHP on improving the flame retardancy of epoxy resin

Effect of trace chloride on the char formation and flame retardancy of the LLDPE filled with NiAl‐layered double hydroxides

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The flame retardancy and smoke suppression effect of a hybrid containing CuMoO4 modified reduced graphene oxide/layered double hydroxide on epoxy resin

Cited by 159 publications

References 48 publications

Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks‐8 modified graphene as a green flame retardant for reducing the fire risk of epoxy resin

Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks‐8 modified graphene as a green flame retardant for reducing the fire risk of epoxy resin

Activated carbon spheres (ACS)@SnO2@NiO with a 3D nanospherical structure and its synergistic effect with AHP on improving the flame retardancy of epoxy resin

Effect of trace chloride on the char formation and flame retardancy of the LLDPE filled with NiAl‐layered double hydroxides

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Product

Resources

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Activated carbon spheres (ACS)@SnO₂@NiO with a 3D nanospherical structure and its synergistic effect with AHP on improving the flame retardancy of epoxy resin