The Five-Point Indian: Caste, Masculinity, and English Language in the Paratexts of Chetan Bhagat

Abstract

This article examines the literary celebrity of Indian author Chetan Bhagat and his paratextual articulations in India’s English-language media. It seeks to deconstruct the role of these paratexts in occluding how upper-caste masculinity operates as the normative script in mainstream media discourse. Critically examining Bhagat’s utterances in English-language television news, print newspapers, and social media, I argue that the paratexts enable his authorial persona to be continually constructed in ways that consolidate his caste-patriarchal authority. In the process, these paratexts valorize neoliberal entrepreneurship and narratives of ascent, rendering existing caste hegemonies in India invisible. Bhagat’s use of English also reflects the complex politics of the English language in colonial history, where upper-caste men in service of the empire utilized the linguistic hegemony of English to consolidate their patriarchal and caste dominance. However, I suggest that pockets of awareness operate among Bhagat’s readers and audiences, where subaltern groups have strategically negotiated using this upper-caste masculinized English to forge their own social mobility and empowerment. Bhagat’s performance of celebrity has to thus be seen as being enacted within a complex English-speaking milieu, which is rife with caste and gender power struggles.

Critical research and entrepreneurship: A cross‐disciplinary conceptual typology

“…Critical research on entrepreneurship consists of a small, but rapidly growing, scholarly community operating across different disciplines, theoretical positions and paradigms. Critical studies are characterized by interests as wide‐ranging as ‘unmasking the entrepreneur’ (Jones & Spicer, 2005), denaturalizing the fundamental knowledge claims of canonical entrepreneurial texts and discourses (Essers et al., 2017; Greckhamer, 2010; Mishra & Bathini, 2019; Ogbor, 2000; Rao, 2018) or exposing the dark side of entrepreneurship, including negative deviance, fraud or misbehaviour (Armstrong, 2005; Kets de Vries, 1985; Lundmark & Westelius, 2012; Olaison & Sørensen, 2014; Tomczyk & Ross, 2011), that is usually hidden from view (Ashman et al., 2018; Rehn & Talas, 2004; Wright & Zahra, 2011).…”