The first step in an investigation of quantitative ultrasound as a technique for evaluating infant bone strength

Martinez, Miriam E. Soto; Love, Jennifer C.; Crowder, Christian; Wiersema, Jason M.; Pinto, Deborrah C.; Derrick, Sharon M.; Gao, Si; Fleischman, Julie M.; Greeley, Christopher S.; Donaruma‐Kwoh, Marcella; Bachim, Angela

doi:10.1111/1556-4029.14605

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(151 reference statements)

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“…Liao and coworkers have identified quantitative ultrasound as a noninvasive, radiation-free and portable method to evaluate bone health status in newborns [14]. Soto Martinez, in a study performed on deceased newborns and infants, demonstrated that quantitative ultrasound reflects the bone mineral contents [15]. Nevertheless, this method requires trained clinical staff.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Don’t Forget the Bones: Incidence and Risk Factors of Metabolic Bone Disease in a Cohort of Preterm Infants

Perrone

Casirati

Stagi

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Metabolic bone disease of prematurity (MBD) is a condition of reduced bone mineral content (BMC) compared to that expected for gestational age (GA). Preterm birth interrupts the physiological process of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) deposition that occurs mostly in the third trimester of pregnancy, leading to an inadequate bone mineralization during intrauterine life (IUL). After birth, an insufficient intake of Ca and P carries on this alteration, resulting in overt disease. If MBD is often a self-limited condition, in some cases it could hesitate the permanent alteration of bone structures with growth faltering and failure to wean off mechanical ventilation due to excessive chest wall compliance. Despite advances in neonatal intensive care, MBD is still frequent in preterm infants, with an incidence of 16–23% in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW, birth weight <1500 g) and 40–60% in extremely low-birth-weight (ELBW, birth weight <1000 g) infants. Several risk factors are associated with MBD (e.g., malabsorption syndrome, parenteral nutrition (PN), pulmonary bronchodysplasia (BPD), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), and some chronic medications). The aim of this study was to evaluate the rate of MBD in a cohort of VLBWI and the role of some risk factors. We enrolled 238 VLBWIs (107 male). 52 subjects were classified as increased risk (G1) and 186 as standard risk (G2) according to serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and phosphorus (P) levels. G1 subjects have lower GA (p < 0.01) and BW (p < 0.001). Moreover, they need longer PN support (p < 0.05) and invasive ventilation (p < 0.01). G1 presented a higher rate of BPD (p = 0.026). At linear regression analysis, BW and PN resulted as independent predictor of increased risk (p = 0.001, p = 0.040, respectively). Preventive strategies are fundamental to prevent chronic alteration in bone structures and to reduce the risk of short stature. Screening for MBD based on serum ALP could be helpful in clinical practice to identify subjects at increased risk.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Don’t Forget the Bones: Incidence and Risk Factors of Metabolic Bone Disease in a Cohort of Preterm Infants

Perrone

Casirati

Stagi

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…A method for identifying whether a particular infant's bone is “normal” in its quality is a step towards establishing the relationship between bone quality and fracture, and by extension could provide substantiated medical evidence during the adjudication of child abuse cases. The HCIFS Forensic Anthropology Division—funded by the Texas Center for the Judiciary, Children's Justice Act grant program—has been investigating this problem for multiple years using a variety of methods including speed of sound, radiographic absorptiometry, histology, and mechanical testing (Ambrose et al, 2017; Ambrose et al, 2018; Andranowski, Crowder, & Soto Martinez, 2018; Soto Martinez, 2015; Soto Martinez, Love, & Han, 2016; Soto Martinez, Crowder, & Ambrose, 2017, 2019; Soto Martinez, Crowder, Lu, Gao, & Bi, 2017; Soto Martinez, Crowder, & Bi, 2019; Soto Martinez et al, 2019). A validated and reliable quantitative method for evaluating bone quality is much needed.…”

Section: Challenges and Cautionary Talesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the forensic anthropologist in the pediatric autopsy: Interpretations, contributions, and challenges

Fleischman

Martinez

Wiersema

et al. 2020

WIREs Forensic Science

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Child maltreatment is a growing medicolegal and social concern and forensic anthropologists in the United States are more frequently being asked to participate in pediatric autopsies to evaluate skeletal injuries. These injuries may be occult to medical imaging and the autopsy itself, but the forensic anthropologist directly evaluates the skeletal tissue which can dramatically improve the sensitivity and specificity of the analysis. The training and methods of forensic anthropologists provide them with the unique perspective of comprehending the anatomical, biomechanical, and physiological properties of human pediatric bone which informs their interpretations of time since injury and mechanism of trauma. This perspective also permits the ability to differentiate between growth and development, skeletal anomalies/variants, and traumatized bone which can be of distinct consequence to the forensic pathologist's cause and manner of death determination. This review is intended for forensic anthropologists and others in the medicolegal community who are tasked with identifying and interpreting pediatric skeletal trauma. The research and scholarly work cited herein is the most current bibliography for comprehending the role and contribution(s) of the forensic anthropologist in the pediatric autopsy, the techniques and methods available to them, and the challenges and cautions associated with this delicate work.

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The first step in an investigation of quantitative ultrasound as a technique for evaluating infant bone strength

Cited by 2 publications

References 55 publications

Don’t Forget the Bones: Incidence and Risk Factors of Metabolic Bone Disease in a Cohort of Preterm Infants

Don’t Forget the Bones: Incidence and Risk Factors of Metabolic Bone Disease in a Cohort of Preterm Infants

The role of the forensic anthropologist in the pediatric autopsy: Interpretations, contributions, and challenges

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