The first results of the use of the gene pool of the Kalmyk breed on the brown stock of Brown Swiss cattle

Abstract

The given investigation is devoted to a comparative assessment of the growth, meat productivity and efficiency of beef production by bulls of different genotypes. It was formed 3 groups of bull calves, 15 heads in eachon the 2nd-3rd days after birth: group firstis brown Swiss calves, the second is Kalmyk breed, the third is crossbreeds obtained from crossing Brown Swiss cows and Kalmyk bulls. It has been established that to the age of 18 months, the advantage of Kalmyk bulls and their crossbreeds in terms of live weight over purebred animals of the Brown Swiss breed averaged 16.3-28.2 kg (P>0.999). According to the average daily increase in live weight for the entire production cycle, animals of the Kalmyk breed favorably differed among the analyzed genotypes of young animals, the superiority of which over their peers of different origin varied within 29-61 g (P> 0.999). The difference between bulls of the Brown Swiss breed and crossbreds was 32 g (P>0.999) in favor of the latter. From bull-calves of the Kalmyk breed and their crosses, in contrast to those of the Brown Swiss breed, heavier carcasses were obtained - by 24.8 (P> 0.99) and 14.9 (P> 0.99) kg, slaughter yield is by 2.4 (P>0.99) and 1.4 abs.%, respectively. Representatives of the Kalmyk breed and crossbred peers differed in the highest yield of pulp, whose superiority over bulls of the improved breed was 12.0 (P>0.99) and 7.5 (P>0.99) kg, respectively. A higher level of profitability at the level of 34.6-37.9% was characterized by the descendants of bulls of the Kalmyk breed versus 26.7% in the group of brown Swiss breed.