The first pterosaur basihyal, shedding light on the evolution and function of pterosaur hyoid apparatuses

Jiang, Shunxing; Li, Zhiheng; Cheng, Xuewu; Wang, Xiaolin

doi:10.7717/peerj.8292

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In past paleontological works, the crocodylian‐lineage of neosuchians (e.g., goniopholidids) show similar hyolingual musculature to modern crocodylians (Yoshida et al, 2021), suggesting that the small, greatly integrated hyolaryngeal network of extant crocodylians was obtained in the Jurassic neosuchians. In birds, the ceratobranchial localization might have been obtained before Aves because hyoids were basically kinetic in ornithodirans (e.g., pterosaurs and dinosaurs) and become akinetic in a few lineages, such as isodactylid pterosaurs (Jiang et al, 2020) and the non‐avian dinosaur Confuciusornis (Li et al, 2018). The high basihyal centrality in birds from this network analysis is also consistent with the basihyal ossification in basal paravians (Li et al, 2018), which may mechanically respond to a new hyolingual motion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, the fossil record of the hyolaryngeal apparatus is still insufficient to compare the homologous elements across different taxa and to comprehend the evolution of the whole hyolarynx, due to the poor preservation of elements with no cartilage or muscles in fossils. The hyolarynx is rarely fossilized intact as hyolaryngeal fossils are mainly ceratobranchials and a few basihyals (Bonaparte et al, 1990; Li et al, 2018; Jiang et al, 2020; Yoshida et al, 2021). Since the qualitative comparison (i.e., classical comparative anatomy) of ambiguous‐homology musculoskeletal elements is not suited for understanding anatomical evolution as a whole system, the issue requires quantitative musculoskeletal data and analytical methods to compare the hyolarynx of archosaurs that are independent from homology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…fossilized intact as hyolaryngeal fossils are mainly ceratobranchials and a few basihyals (Bonaparte et al, 1990;Li et al, 2018;Jiang et al, 2020;Yoshida et al, 2021). Since the qualitative comparison (i.e., classical comparative anatomy) of ambiguous-homology musculoskeletal elements is not suited for understanding anatomical evolution as a whole system, the issue requires quantitative musculoskeletal data and analytical methods to compare the hyolarynx of archosaurs that are independent from homology.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Evolutionary insights from an anatomical network analysis of the hyolaryngeal apparatus in extant archosaurs (birds and crocodilians)

Yoshida

Kobayashi

Fiorillo

2023

The Anatomical Record

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Adaptive radiation of archosaurs, represented by crocodilians, non-avian dinosaurs, and birds, since the Mesozoic has been studied mainly based on their major skeletal elements (skull, vertebrae, and limbs). However, little is known about the evolution of their hyolaryngeal apparatus, which is involved with feeding, respiration, and vocalization, because of poor fossil preservation and the difficulty in determining the musculoskeletal homology of the apparatus. Network analysis is a framework to quantitatively characterize the topological organization of anatomical structures for comparing structural integration and modularity regardless of ambiguous homology. Herein, we modeled the musculoskeletal system of hyolarynx in six species of extant archosaurs and its sister-taxon turtle, and conducted a network analysis using network parameters, modular partition, and bone centrality in a phylogenetic framework. The network parameters reveal that ancestral archosaurs have reduced the numbers of elements and links and acquired complex networks as a whole domain with strong modularity in the hyolarynx. Furthermore, the modular partition and centrality reveal that the hyoids are highly evolvable, while the larynx is constrained and less evolvable.The archosaur hyolarynx exhibits different evolutionary trends: crocodilians with the system integration, basihyal simplification, and ceratobranchial centralization; and birds with the simplicity, weak integration, and modularity of the hyolarynx, laryngeal integration with cricoid centrality, and tongue-module expansion with the acquisition of paraglossal. Four hyolaryngeal bones (ceratobranchial, basihyal, paraglossal, and cricoid) have played important roles in archosaur evolution, and their fossil records are keys to understanding the two major archosaur lineages toward crocodilians and birds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolutionary insights from an anatomical network analysis of the hyolaryngeal apparatus in extant archosaurs (birds and crocodilians)

Yoshida

Kobayashi

Fiorillo

2023

The Anatomical Record

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“…The ceratobranchials are unfused, despite complete fusion of the scapulocoracoid and extensor tendon process to manual phalanx IV-1. Given that ceratobranchials are rarely preserved, it remains unclear whether they fuse during the latest stage of ontogeny, or if the ceratobranchials remain unfused into adulthood in some pterosaur taxa (as suggested by Jiang, et al 55 ). The ceratobranchials of KK F1426 are less than 2 mm in diameter, relatively straight anteriorly, and gently curved laterally at the distal end.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haliskia peterseni, a new anhanguerian pterosaur from the late Early Cretaceous of Australia

Pentland,

Poropat,

Duncan

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Pterosaur remains have been reported from every continent; however, pterosaur skeletons remain rare. A new pterosaur is presented here, Haliskia peterseni gen. et sp. nov., constituting the most complete specimen from Australia from the upper Albian Toolebuc Formation of the Eromanga Basin (Queensland, Australia). A combination of features, including the presence of a premaxillary crest and curved teeth, and the morphology of the scapulocoracoid, support its referral to Anhangueria. Haliskia can be distinguished from all other anhanguerian pterosaurs based on two dental characters: the 4th and 5th tooth pairs are smaller than the 3rd and 6th, and the 2nd and 5th alveoli are smaller than 3–4 and 6–8. Moreover, the hyoid is 70% the total length of the mandible. The phylogenetic analyses presented here place Haliskia within Anhangueria. In one analysis, Haliskia and Ferrodraco are resolved as sister taxa, with Tropeognathus mesembrinus sister to that clade. The other resolves Haliskia, Mythunga and Ferrodraco in a polytomy within Tropeognathinae. The new Australian pterosaur attests to the success of Anhangueria during the latest Early Cretaceous and suggests that the Australian forms were more taxonomically diverse and palaeobiogeographically complex than previously recognized.

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“…2015; Jiang et al . 2020). However, it cannot be excluded that the basihyal included a more extensive, cartilaginous portion in Terrestrisuchus gracilis .…”

Section: Cranial Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A taxonomic revision and cranial description of Terrestrisuchus gracilis (Archosauria, Crocodylomorpha) from the Upper Triassic of Pant‐y‐Ffynnon Quarry (southern Wales)

Spiekman,

Fernandez,

Butler

et al. 2023

Papers in Palaeontology

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Non‐crocodyliform crocodylomorphs, formerly referred to the informal group ‘Sphenosuchia’, are the earliest known crocodylomorph precursors of extant crocodylians. They are therefore crucial for our understanding of early crocodylian evolution and the origin of typical crocodylian characteristics, such as the formation of a secondary palate, complex cranial pneumaticity, and a reinforced braincase. Terrestrisuchus gracilis, known from the Upper Triassic fissure fill deposits of Pant‐y‐Ffynnon in southern Wales, is represented by almost 200 specimens, comprising articulated, partially associated, and isolated remains. In this contribution we provide a taxonomic revision of Terrestrisuchus gracilis and redescribe its cranial anatomy in detail, based in part on novel micro‐computed tomography data. The posterior skull region is extensively pneumatized as indicated, among other features, by large pre‐ and postcarotid recesses on the parabasisphenoid, and a large pneumatic cavity in the articular of the mandible. In contrast, the quadrate forms only a small, unfused contact with the prootic, suggesting that complex pneumatization of the postorbital region pre‐dated the co‐ossification of the quadrate and braincase in Crocodylomorpha. Terrestrisuchus gracilis preserves an ossified basihyal, which represents the first occurrence of this bone in non‐avemetatarsalian archosaurs. Finally, we show that Terrestrisuchus gracilis was probably cathemeral (i.e. active in a range of light levels), based on a phylogenetic flexible discriminant analysis of the relative dimensions of the sclerotic ring and orbit.

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The first pterosaur basihyal, shedding light on the evolution and function of pterosaur hyoid apparatuses

Cited by 7 publications

References 43 publications

Evolutionary insights from an anatomical network analysis of the hyolaryngeal apparatus in extant archosaurs (birds and crocodilians)

Evolutionary insights from an anatomical network analysis of the hyolaryngeal apparatus in extant archosaurs (birds and crocodilians)

Haliskia peterseni, a new anhanguerian pterosaur from the late Early Cretaceous of Australia

A taxonomic revision and cranial description of Terrestrisuchus gracilis (Archosauria, Crocodylomorpha) from the Upper Triassic of Pant‐y‐Ffynnon Quarry (southern Wales)

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