The First North American Record of the Allium Leafminer

Barringer, Lawrence; Fleischer, Shelby J.; Roberts, Dana; Spichiger, Sven Erik; Elkner, Timothy E.

doi:10.1093/jipm/pmx034

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Allium leafminer ( Phytomyza gymnostoma Loew) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) originated from Europe and is now an invasive species in North America ( 1 ). Since the first report of P. gymnostoma in Pennsylvania, United States, in 2015, P. gymnostoma has spread to nearby states on the East coast from New York to Virginia (B. Nault, personal communication).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the first report of P. gymnostoma in Pennsylvania, United States, in 2015, P. gymnostoma has spread to nearby states on the East coast from New York to Virginia (B. Nault, personal communication). As its common name implies, P. gymnostoma is a specialist with a host range limited to the genus Allium (family Liliaceae), which includes many important high-value crops grown in the United States, such as onion, garlic, scallion, leek, and chives ( 1 – 3 ). Aesthetic damage occurs when females puncture leaves with its ovipositor, leaving a series of linear white marks (blemishes) that can cause some Allium crops to become unmarketable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Larval feeding creates entry points for bacterial and/or fungal pathogens to infect the crop, and this can cause the crop to rot. Furthermore, the presence of larvae and pupae within leek plants and garlic cloves at harvest contaminates the crop and can make it unmarketable ( 1 , 2 , 4 – 6 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phytomyza gymnostoma has two generations per year in North America as it does in Europe ( 1 , 3 , 4 ). In the northeastern United States, the spring generation is active from April to May.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Damage to leek crops on some organic farms in the northeastern United States has been so prevalent and difficult to manage that leeks are no longer grown on these farms. The common name of P. gymnostoma in Europe is the leek mining fly, and leek has mostly been reported as the major crop that has suffered from severe damage by P. gymnostoma in many European countries including Belgium, Hungary, Italy, and Poland (1,(7)(8)(9)(10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Allium leafminer (Diptera: Agromyzidae) host preference: implications for developing a trap cropping strategy

Lai,

Sandhi,

Nault

2023

Front. Insect Sci.

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Allium leafminer (Phytomyza gymnostoma Loew) is an emerging invasive pest of Allium crops and has been threatening Allium crop production in the eastern United States since its introduction in 2015. Phytomyza gymnostoma can cause substantial economic loss in leek crops when late instars tunnel into the lower portion of the plant, which often renders the crop unmarketable. With limited management tools that are cost-effective and practical, especially for leeks produced in organic systems, we examined the attractiveness of other Allium crop species that might be considered in a trap cropping strategy. In 2021 and 2022, controlled environment choice tests and field trials were conducted to evaluate host preference of P. gymnostoma among Allium crop species including chives, scallion, an onion and scallion hybrid, and leek. We also assessed preference of P. gymnostoma for scallions that varied in size/age. Results from field trials indicated that only chives had more oviposition marks, cumulative numbers of eggs, and a higher density of P. gymnostoma larvae and pupae than leeks. Larger/older scallions had more oviposition marks and higher P. gymnostoma densities than smaller ones in controlled environment choice tests, but this size/age preference was not evident in field trials. Based on our findings, chives could be considered as a potential trap crop for minimizing P. gymnostoma damage in leek crops.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%