The First Macrolide-Resistant Bordetella pertussis Strains Isolated From Iranian Patients

Shahcheraghi, Fereshteh; Lotfi, Masoumeh Nakhost; Nikbin, Vajihe Sadat; Shooraj, Fahimeh; Азизян, Р. И.; Parzadeh, Masoumeh; Torkaman, Mohammad; Zahraei, Seyed Mohsen

doi:10.5812/jjm.10880

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In both parts, the MICs of the antibiotics tested for control strains S. pneumoniae ATCC 49619 and S. aureus ATCC 29213 were in the allowed range and over half of the MICs measured were equal to the EUCAST target (20). The quality control results support the reliability of our results of the MICs of antibiotics which are consistent with those reported by others on BGA (14-16, 26, 27) and with those obtained on MHA (13,(22)(23)(24). No MIC breakpoints of antibiotics have been established for B. pertussis to differentiate between susceptibility and resistance; nevertheless, the erythromycin concentration of 0.125 mg/l is considered as a cut-off between susceptible and non-susceptible strains (9,25).…”

Section: S Pneumoniae Atcc 49619 S Aureus Atcc 29213supporting

confidence: 91%

“…Erythromycin Clarithromycin Azithromycin Tri/sulfa* Ciprofloxacin (13,(22)(23)(24) intended for susceptibility testing of fastidious bacteria in accordance with the European institutions (21) for standardisation of methods. However, in our previous study, about half only of 70 strains of B. pertussis grew reliably on this culture medium, despite all required conditions being met (17).…”

Section: S Pneumoniae Atcc 49619 S Aureus Atcc 29213mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the highest MIC of the antibiotics for the study strains was lower than the respective breakpoints for Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Helicobacter pylori, and other fastidious bacteria (21), it can be assumed that none of the study strains was resistant to erythromycin or other antibiotics tested. Resistance to erythromycin or fluoroquinolones in B. pertussis strains isolated worldwide is linked to a point mutation in the 23S rRNA gene (10,(12)(13)(14)(15)28) or gyrA gene (16). Unlike strains with other resistance mechanisms, strains with resistance linked to a point mutation are not expected to spread rapidly.…”

Section: S Pneumoniae Atcc 49619 S Aureus Atcc 29213mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First sporadic but alarming reports of B. pertussis strains resistant to erythromycin (and to other macrolides and azithromycin) have emerged since the mid-1990s. The first resistant strain came from Arizona (8), and was followed by isolates highly resistant to erythromycin from other areas in the USA (9, 10), Taiwan (11), France (12), and Iran (13). In some areas of China, a high incidence of B. pertussis strains with an erythromycin MIC of > 256 mg/l was noticed (14,15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trends in the minimum inhibitory concentrations of erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole for strains of Bordetella pertussis isolated in the Czech Republic, 1967-2015

Jakubů¹,

Zavadilová²,

Fabiánová³

et al. 2017

Cent Eur J Public Health

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The study set of 135 Czech strains of B. pertussis isolated in 1967–2015 appears to be homogeneous in terms of the MICs for five antimicrobials. The MICs remained in a narrow range of two to three low concentrations; the unimodal distribution of the MICs suggests the absence of resistance mechanisms. The highest MICs of erythromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin were equally 0.125 mg/l, that of ciprofloxacin was 0.06 mg/l, and that of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was 0.5 mg/l. Over the study period of 55 years, the MICs of the study antibiotics remained in the same ranges.

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Section: S Pneumoniae Atcc 49619 S Aureus Atcc 29213supporting

confidence: 91%

Section: S Pneumoniae Atcc 49619 S Aureus Atcc 29213mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: S Pneumoniae Atcc 49619 S Aureus Atcc 29213mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trends in the minimum inhibitory concentrations of erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole for strains of Bordetella pertussis isolated in the Czech Republic, 1967-2015

Jakubů¹,

Zavadilová²,

Fabiánová³

et al. 2017

Cent Eur J Public Health

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“…Studies carried out in Australia, Taiwan, the United Kingdom, Romania, and Canada showed that B. pertussis isolated in these countries was sensitive to erythromycin (11)(12)(13)(14)(15). According to recent research in Iran, 2 of 11 B. pertussis strains isolated between 2009 and 2010 were macrolide resistant (16). However, in China, macrolide-resistant B. pertussis emerged and became common when strains in different regions were tested (5,17).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Detection of Erythromycin-Resistant Bordetella pertussis in Clinical Specimens by PCR

et al. 2015

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Resistance of Bordetella pertussis to erythromycin has been increasingly reported. We developed an allele-specific PCR method for rapid detection of erythromycin-resistant B. pertussis directly from nasopharyngeal (NP) swab samples submitted for diagnostic PCR. Based on the proven association of erythromycin resistance with the A2047G mutation in the 23S rRNA of B. pertussis, four primers, two of which were designed to be specific for either the wild-type or the mutant allele, were used in two different versions of the allele-specific PCR assay. The methods were verified with results obtained by PCR-based sequencing of 16 recent B. pertussis isolates and 100 NP swab samples submitted for diagnostic PCR. The detection limits of the two PCR assays ranged from 10 to 100 fg per reaction for both erythromycin-susceptible and -resistant B. pertussis. Two amplified fragments of each PCR, of 286 and 112 bp, respectively, were obtained from a mutant allele of the isolates and/or NP swab samples containing B. pertussis DNAs. For the wild-type allele, only a 286-bp fragment was visible when the allele-specific PCR assay 1 was performed. No amplification was found when a number of non-Bordetella bacterial pathogens and NP swab samples that did not contain the DNAs of B. pertussis were examined. This assay can serve as an alternative for PCR-based sequencing, especially for local laboratories in resource-poor countries. P ertussis has resurged in many countries. Macrolides, especially erythromycin, are considered the first-choice antibiotics for treatment of pertussis and postexposure prophylaxis (1). The first erythromycin-resistant Bordetella pertussis was discovered in 1994 (2). Although resistant strains are still rare, they have been reported in several countries, including China (3-7), where macrolide-resistant B. pertussis has become prevalent (7).B. pertussis is a fastidious bacterium. The culture positivity rate is low in immunized populations. The PCR method has been developed and used for diagnosis of pertussis in many laboratories all over the world. However, it is possible that resistant B. pertussis strains are missed due to failure of the culture and when culture is not performed (8).Several studies have proven the association between macrolide resistance and the A2047G mutation in the 23S rRNA of B. pertussis (3-7). Based on the molecular mechanism identified, methods have been developed for detection of the point mutation in 23S rRNA of B. pertussis in order to study the susceptibility to macrolides when B. pertussis isolates are available (3, 5). In a previous study, we developed a PCR-based sequencing method for identification of the A2047G mutation in cultured B. pertussis isolates and clinical nasopharyngeal (NP) specimens (7).Although the sequencing is widely used, it is not available or accessible everywhere because it takes longer to obtain the results in many of the local laboratories, especially in resource-poor countries. In this study, we aimed to develop a simple allele-specific PCR method for di...

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Molecular Epidemiology of Bordetella pertussis

Barkoff

2019

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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The First Macrolide-Resistant Bordetella pertussis Strains Isolated From Iranian Patients

Cited by 26 publications

References 28 publications

Trends in the minimum inhibitory concentrations of erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole for strains of Bordetella pertussis isolated in the Czech Republic, 1967-2015

Trends in the minimum inhibitory concentrations of erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole for strains of Bordetella pertussis isolated in the Czech Republic, 1967-2015

Direct Detection of Erythromycin-Resistant Bordetella pertussis in Clinical Specimens by PCR

Molecular Epidemiology of Bordetella pertussis

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