The first known chamopsiid lizard (Squamata) from the Upper Cretaceous of Europe (Csehbánya Formation; Hungary, Bakony Mts)

Makádi, László

doi:10.1016/j.annpal.2013.07.002

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…MT IV is most likely attributable to the rigid eggs of a squamate; a group of sauropsids exhibiting moderate diversity in the locality being represented by skeletal remains of four determinable and four indeterminate taxa of small-bodied terrestrial lizards and the freshwater mosasaur Pannoniasaurus inexpectatus (Makádi 2006(Makádi , 2013a(Makádi , 2013bMakádi et al 2012). As even basal mosasaurs were shown to have been live-bearing (Caldwell and Lee 2001;Field et al 2015), and because of the extreme thinness and hence inferred small egg size of MT IV, the hypothesis that MT IV belonged to Pannoniasaurus can be discarded.…”

Section: Potential Egg Layers Among the Fossil Vertebrates Of Iharkútmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collection of the thinnest: A unique eggshell assemblage from the Late Cretaceous vertebrate locality of Iharkút (Hungary)

Prondvai

Botfalvai

Stein

et al. 2017

Central European Geology

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As a result of several years of screen-washing activity, a remarkable assemblage of eggshell fragments has been recovered from the Late Cretaceous vertebrate locality of Iharkút, Hungary. Detailed investigation of the assemblage by multiple visualization techniques (scanning electron microscopy, polarizing light microscopy, X-ray micro-computed tomography), quantitative morphometric analyses, and micro X-ray fluorescence spectrometry revealed a diverse composition of five different eggshell morphotypes (MT I-MT V) and three subcategories within the second morphotype (MT II/a, b, c), with MT I being by far the most abundant (83%) in the assemblage. MT I, MT III, and MT V represent theropod dinosaurian eggshells, whereas MT II and MT IV show characteristics of crocodilian and squamate eggshells, respectively. Hence, despite their fragmentary nature, these eggshells represent the first clear evidence that various sauropsid taxa had nesting sites near the ancient fluvial system of Iharkút. Besides the implied taxonomic diversity, two unique features add to the significance of this eggshell assemblage. First, it contains the thinnest rigid crocodilian (MT II/c) and squamate (MT IV) eggshells ever reported. Moreover, one of the identified theropod morphotypes, MT I, is also among the thinnest fossil dinosaurian eggshells, the thinness of which is only rivalled by the eggshells of the smallest Mesozoic avian eggs known to date. Second, the Iharkút eggshell assemblage consists exclusively of thin eggshells (≤300 μm), a condition unknown from any other fossil eggshell assemblages described to date. Combined with the knowledge acquired from skeletal remains, these peculiarities give additional insights into the paleoecology of the terrestrial sauropsid fauna once inhabiting the ancient island of Iharkút. Finally, the presence of well-preserved eggshells recovered from two different sites representing different depositional environments provides further evidence for previous taphonomic and sedimentological conclusions, and also expands our knowledge of the special conditions that allowed the preservation of these delicate eggshell fragments.

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Section: Potential Egg Layers Among the Fossil Vertebrates Of Iharkútmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collection of the thinnest: A unique eggshell assemblage from the Late Cretaceous vertebrate locality of Iharkút (Hungary)

Prondvai

Botfalvai

Stein

et al. 2017

Central European Geology

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“…Following the practice of previous studies (Nydam and Cifelli 2002;Makádi 2013b), in the description of the dentition, tooth positions were numbered (e.g., first, second, third, etc. ), beginning with the most anterior tooth position.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Crowns with bordering mesial and distal accessory ridges are found in both some chamopsiids and Chromatogenys, possibly due to a plesiomorphic basic crown morphology, being present in many scincomorphan groups (Estes 1964(Estes , 1983Gao and Fox 1996;Nydam and Voci 2007;Nydam et al 2010;Makádi 2013b).…”

Section: Evans and Manabe 2008)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparing with taxa within Borioteiioidea, Chromatogenys neither has the typical transversally widened teeth of polyglyphanodontines such as Polyglyphanodon, Paraglyphanodon, Dicothodon, Bicuspidon, or Distortodon (Gilmore 1940(Gilmore , 1942a(Gilmore , 1943Estes 1983;Nydam 1999;Cifelli 2002, 2005;Folie and Codrea 2005;Makádi 2006Makádi , 2013bNydam 2013). It also lacks complex crown morphology like that of Peneteius (Estes 1969b;Nydam et al 2000).…”

Section: Borioteiioidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar to the well-developed apical grooves of Palaeoscincosaurus, these excavations terminate in the minute blunt ridges which flank the crowns mesially and distally (Sullivan and Lucas 1996;Nydam and Fitzpatrick, 2009). These ridges are weakly developed and extend basally to wrap around the crown lingually, not unlike in chamopsiids such as Pelsochamops (Makádi 2013b). The crowns lack the tricuspid appearance of Socognathus (Nydam et al 2010(Nydam et al : 1094 fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A new durophagous scincomorphan lizard genus from the Late Cretaceous Iharkút locality (Hungary, Bakony Mts)

Makádi

Nydam

2014

Paläontol Z

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The Upper Cretaceous (Santonian) Iharkút terrestrial vertebrate locality in Hungary has already yielded scincomorphan taxa such as the polyglyphanodontines Bicuspidon and Distortodon, and the chamopsiid Pelsochamops. Besides these, more lacertilian material is available, including a single right mandible, different from both the above mentioned genera from Iharkút, and from other previously known taxa. This specimen is described here as Chromatogenys tiliquoides gen. nov. sp. nov. The open Meckelian canal, the wide subdental shelf with deep sulcus dentalis, and the pleurodont teeth support referral of the specimen to Scincomorpha. Within that, Chromatogenys differs from groups known from Iharkút, such as polyglyphanodontines and chamopsiids, and is also distinct from other contemporary scincomorphs from Europe, North America and Asia. It exhibits a combination of mixed characters, some of which are shared by scincids, cordylids and contogeniids. Chromatogenys might be a representative of a new family within Scincomorpha but currently should be 2 considered of uncertain familiar relationships (familia incertae sedis) until more material is found. Chromatogenys had a durophagous dentition similar to extant skinks such as Tiliqua, and most probably had similar diet composed of molluscs, eggs, insects, small vertebrates and fruits.

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Morphometry, Microstructure, and Wear Pattern of Neornithischian Dinosaur Teeth From the Upper Cretaceous Iharkút Locality (Hungary)

Virág

Ősi

2017

The Anatomical Record

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Teeth of iguanodontian ornithopods and ceratopsians could be remarkably similar, thus the referral of isolated dental material to particular neornithischian clades can be highly problematic. These groups are represented by the rhabdodontid Mochlodon vorosi and the basal coronosaurian Ajkaceratops kozmai in the Upper Cretaceous Csehbánya Formation at Iharkút (western Hungary). Whereas teeth of the former taxonMochlodon are common elements at the locality, no dental material belonging to the latter speciesAjkaceratops was identified until now. Here we used mathematical statistical approaches, as well as tooth wear and dental microstructure analysis in order to decide whether the teeth previously referred to Mochlodon can be treated as a homogenous sample, or some remains belong rather to Ajkaceratops.According to our results, there was a striking morphological and structural convergence between the teeth of the latterboth taxa. However, the wear study revealed the existence of two different patterns within the sample. One is characterized by straight and parallel microstriations that suggest orthal movements during the jaw closure. This pattern was associated with Mochlodon. The other pattern appeared only on a few teeth, and it can be differentiated by its distinctive curved microstriations that indicate circumpalinal chewinga significant palinal component. Since Because curved striations were have never been described in ornithopods, but were are found in several neoceratopsians, this pattern was associated here with Ajkaceratops. Here we present the first teeth that can provisionally be referred to the latter genus. We believe that the methodology discussed in this paper will facilitate distinguishing ceratopsian and ornithopod teeth in other localities as well.

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The first known chamopsiid lizard (Squamata) from the Upper Cretaceous of Europe (Csehbánya Formation; Hungary, Bakony Mts)

Cited by 15 publications

References 37 publications

Collection of the thinnest: A unique eggshell assemblage from the Late Cretaceous vertebrate locality of Iharkút (Hungary)

Collection of the thinnest: A unique eggshell assemblage from the Late Cretaceous vertebrate locality of Iharkút (Hungary)

A new durophagous scincomorphan lizard genus from the Late Cretaceous Iharkút locality (Hungary, Bakony Mts)

Morphometry, Microstructure, and Wear Pattern of Neornithischian Dinosaur Teeth From the Upper Cretaceous Iharkút Locality (Hungary)

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