The First Isolation of Furanoeremophilane from Ligularia nelumbifolia

Abstract

Ligularol (1), a furanoeremophilane, was isolated together with eremophil-1(10)-en-11-ol (2) from one of eight collected samples of Ligularia nelumbifolia and L. kongkalingensis, a closely related species. It is proposed that the ability to produce the furanoeremophilane has been acquired through hybridization.

Chemical Constituents in Hybrids of Ligularia tongolensis and L. cymbulifera: Chemical Introgression in L. tongolensis

“…Hand .‐ Mazz . complex might have been acquired by hybridization . Thus, examination of the chemical consequences of hybridization should yield valuable information on the chemical diversity in Ligularia .…”

Terpenoids and Phenylpropanoids in Ligularia duciformis, L. kongkalingensis, L. nelumbifolia, and L. limprichtii

“…We previously grouped d/k/n complex samples, collected in western Sichuan and northwestern Yunnan, into four chemotypes: type 1 (eremophilanes), type 2 (oplopanes), type 3 (phenylpropanoids), and type 4 (no phenylpropanoid nor sesquiterpenoid) [ 7 , 8 ]. According to this classification, sample 7 belongs to type 1; sample 5, type 2; samples 1–3, and 8, type 3; and sample 4, type 4 ( Table 1 ).…”

“…Two of our previous type-1 samples were collected in Maerkang, Sichuan (samples A and B in Figure 1 ) [ 7 , 8 ]. With the present two additions, samples 6 and 7, it can be said that type 1 is abundant in the Maerkang-Heishui area.…”

“…Rectangles, samples; circles, cities; solid lines, rivers; dotted lines, boundaries of provinces. A–C are previously collected type-1 and type-2 samples within the map area [ 7 , 8 ].…”

“…Phenylpropanoids were isolated also from types 1 and 2. Although no furanoeremophilane was detected in these 28 samples [ 7 ], a L. nelumbifolia sample, collected thereafter in Zhegushan, Hongyuan County in northern Sichuan Province, was found to produce furanoeremophilane [ 8 ]. This led us to conduct a further search in central and northern Sichuan during 2011–2015.…”