“…Among the most high-profile were Frank Crowninshield, editor of Vanity Fair, H. L. Mencken and George Jean Nathan, coeditors of The Smart Set and subsequently of The American Mercury, and Harold Ross, founding editor of The New Yorker. 41 Their careers reveal one of the paradoxes of middlebrow culture: these men were viewed as tastemakers for the nation, yet their preferences were defined in opposition to those of average Americans. Seeking to consolidate their authority, the editors policed the boundaries of their supposedly select readership, sometimes by including difficult material and sometimes by ridiculing lowbrow tastes.…”