A heterometallic one-dimensional
(1-D) chain consisting of multiple
kinds of metals, Rh, Pt, and Pd, with direct metal–metal bonds
was successfully obtained by mixing a Rh dinuclear complex and Pt–Pd–Pt
trinuclear complex. The Pt–Pd–Pt trinuclear complex
can be reversibly one-electron-oxidized or -reduced, where the electron
paramagnetic resonance spectrum of the one-electron-oxidized one shows
an axially symmetric signal with hyperfine splitting by two Pt and
Pd, indicating that an unpaired electron is delocalized to the d
z
2
orbital of Pt–Pd–Pt.
Utilized with the highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied
molecular orbital interaction at the d
z
2
orbital, simple mixing of the Pt–Pd–Pt
trinuclear complex and Rh dinuclear complex in adequate solvents afforded
heterometallic 1-D chains, which are aligned as −Rh–Rh–Pt–Pd–Pt–.
Several physical measurements revealed that the metal oxidation state
is +2. Diffuse reflectance spectra and theoretical calculations show
that heterometallic 1-D chains have σ-type conduction and valence
bands where π*(Rh2) are lying between them, whose
gaps become narrower than the prototype chains aligned as −Rh–Rh–Pt–Pt–Pt–Pt–.
The narrower band gaps are induced by destabilization of the σ-type
valence bands and accompanied by insertion of Pd ions because the
d-orbital energy level of Pd is closer in value to Rh compared with
Pt. Flash-photolysis time-resolved microwave conductivity measurements
exhibited an increase in the product of charge carrier mobility and
its generation efficiency (8.1 × 10–5 to 4.6
× 10–4 cm2 V–1 s–1) with narrowing the band gaps, suggesting
that the better conductivity is attributed to shorter metal–metal
distances in 1-D chains. These results imply the possibilities of
controlling band gap with ligand modification and third metal insertion
in heterometallic 1-D chains to show various conductivities.