The First Genetic and Comparative Map of White Lupin (Lupinus albus L.): Identification of QTLs for Anthracnose Resistance and Flowering Time, and a Locus for Alkaloid Content

Abstract

We report the first genetic linkage map of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.). An F8 recombinant inbred line population developed from Kiev mutant × P27174 was mapped with 220 amplified fragment length polymorphism and 105 gene-based markers. The genetic map consists of 28 main linkage groups (LGs) that varied in length from 22.7 cM to 246.5 cM and spanned a total length of 2951 cM. There were seven additional pairs and 15 unlinked markers, and 12.8% of markers showed segregation distortion at P < 0.05. Syntenic relationships between Medicago truncatula and L. albus were complex. Forty-five orthologous markers that mapped between M. truncatula and L. albus identified 17 small syntenic blocks, and each M. truncatula chromosome aligned to between one and six syntenic blocks in L. albus. Genetic mapping of three important traits: anthracnose resistance, flowering time, and alkaloid content allowed loci governing these traits to be defined. Two quantitative trait loci (QTLs) with significant effects were identified for anthracnose resistance on LG4 and LG17, and two QTLs were detected for flowering time on the top of LG1 and LG3. Alkaloid content was mapped as a Mendelian trait to LG11.

Legume Crops Phylogeny and Genetic Diversity for Science and Breeding

“…Chromosome numbers range between 2n = 24 to 2n = 52, and there are multiple lines of evidence showing that at least one polyploidy event has taken place since the divergence of Genisteae from other Papilionoid legumes (Wolko and Weeden, 1989;Gupta et al, 1996;Naganowska et al, 2003;Nelson et al, 2006;Parra-Gonzalez et al, 2012;Yang et al, 2013b;Kroc et al, 2014). The structural distinctiveness of Lupinus genomes from other Papilionoid genomes has been investigated by comparing genetic maps of L. angustifolius to the reference genome sequences of Medicago truncatula and Lotus japonicus Nelson et al, 2010) and by comparing the genetic map of L. albus to the genome of M. truncatula (Phan et al, 2007a). These studies revealed that Lupinus genomes are highly rearranged relative to other Papilionoid genomes, with regions of gene collinearity extending over relatively short distances.…”

Analyses Using SSR and DArT Molecular Markers Reveal that Ethiopian Accessions of White Lupin (&lt;i&gt;Lupinus albus&lt;/i&gt; L.) Represent a Unique Genepool

“…These genotypes were important because they included the parents of the mapping population used to produce the L. albus linkage maps [22] [25], to locate the loci for low seed-alkaloid content (pauper) [34], and to develop PCR markers for resistance to anthracnose [35] and phomopsis [31]. In addition, they included parents of other mapping populations made for use in research to identify markers for loci controlling Pleiochaeta Root Rot resistance, and low seed alkaloid content locus exiguus [6].…”

“…Sixty-three published primer sequences of Lupinus angustifolius and L. albus [22] [23] were tested across the eight L. albus genotypes. A total of 30 combinations of primer and restriction enzyme were employed to generate 70 resolvable polymorphic fragments.…”

Gene-Based Marker Systems in Plants: High Throughput Approaches for Marker Discovery and Genotyping

“…Based on this concept, after aligning the ESTs of sorghum, pearl millet, Allium and Musa with rice genome, >3,600 primer pairs, called conserved intron spanning primers (CISPs) have been developed for monocot species (Feltus et al 2006;Lohithaswa et al 2007; http://www.plantgenome.uga.edu/CISP/). Following the similar approach, a larger number of gene-based markers have been developed and used for diversity and mapping studies in pearl millet (Bertin et al 2005), lupin (Phan et al 2007), etc. Recently developed "cisprimerTOOL" at ICRISAT (http:// www.icrisat.org/gt-bt/CISPTool.htm) for the identification of conserved intron scanning regions using EST alignments to a completely sequenced model crop genome and designing conserved intron scanning primers will greatly facilitate development of CISPs in several orphan crop species (Jayashree et al 2008).…”