The first five days: field and laboratory investigations during the early stages of the equine influenza outbreak in Australia, 2007

Kirkland, PD; Davis, R. J.; Wong, Doris C.; Ryan, Debbie; Hart, K. G.; Corney, Bruce G.; Hewitson, Glen; Cooper, K. H.; Biddle, A. J.; Eastwood, Sarah; Slattery, Susan M.; Rayward, D. G.; Evers, M.; Wright, T.; Halpin, Kim; Selleck, Paul; Watson, J. A. L.

doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.2011.00724.x

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In recent years, disease outbreaks at equestrian shows have become more prevalent. Examples include the introduction and widespread transmission of equine influenza in Australia in 2007, which was thought to occur after the importation of an infected horse for a competition [6, 7], and an outbreak of equine herpesvirus-1 in the USA in 2011, which occurred after horses gathered at a competitive event [8]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Descriptive and network analyses of the equine contact network at an equestrian show in Ontario, Canada and implications for disease spread

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundIdentifying the contact structure within a population of horses attending a competition is an important element towards understanding the potential for the spread of equine pathogens as the horses subsequently travel from location to location. However, there is limited information in Ontario, Canada to quantify contact patterns of horses. The objective of this study was to describe the network of potential contacts associated with an equestrian show to determine how this network structure may influence potential disease transmission.ResultsThis was a descriptive study of horses attending an equestrian show in southern Ontario, Canada on July 6 and 7, 2014. Horse show participants completed a questionnaire about their horse, travel patterns, and infection control practices. Questionnaire responses were received from horse owners of 79.7% (55/69) of the horses attending the show. Owners reported that horses attending the show were vaccinated for diseases such as rabies, equine influenza, and equine herpesvirus. Owners demonstrated high compliance with most infection control practices by reporting reduced opportunities for direct and indirect contact while away from home. The two-mode undirected network consisted of 820 nodes (41 locations and 779 horses). Eight percent of nodes in the network represented horses attending the show, 87% of nodes represented horses not attending the show, but boarded at individual home facilities, and 5% represented locations. The median degree of a horse in the network was 33 (range: 1–105).ConclusionsDeveloping disease management strategies without the explicit consideration of horses boarded at individual home facilities would underestimate the connectivity of horses in the population. The results of this study provides information that can be used by equestrian show organizers to configure event management in such a way that can limit the extent of potential disease spread.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Descriptive and network analyses of the equine contact network at an equestrian show in Ontario, Canada and implications for disease spread

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Randwick Racecourse, a Sydney metropolitan racecourse, is situated within 2 km of the Centennial Parklands Equestrian Centre (CPEC), the location of the first clinically recognised cases of EI in domestic horses in Australia 1 . Of the 641 Thoroughbreds under the care of 21 trainers and stabled in 19 stable complexes on the racecourse or in close proximity to the racecourse in surrounding streets, 61 were unraced 2‐year‐olds and 25 horses had been previously vaccinated with an inactivated vaccine as a requirement for international travel.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the endpoint of an outbreak of equine influenza in a large population of racing Thoroughbreds

Ryan

2011

Aust Veterinary J

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Outbreaks of equine influenza (EI) cause major disruption to the racing industry, resulting in cessation of racing until affected horses have recovered from the disease. The introduction of EI to a large population of Thoroughbred horses stabled at a Sydney racecourse provided the opportunity to observe clinical signs and monitor the spread of EI in this predominantly naïve population and to assist in determining an endpoint to infection spread to allow resumption of racing events.

show abstract

“…In summary, this paper does not aim to provide data on the total number of deaths occurring as a result of the Australian EI virus outbreak, as some of the dead horses were not examined and in other suspected cases EI virus infection could not be confirmed. However, given the very large number of horses considered to have been infected during the outbreak, mortality rates were low in comparison with overseas reports, 1 even though the Australian horse population was generally naïve 3 . Similar to previous reports, foals were found to be more susceptible than adults to fatal disease 3 .…”

Section: Summary Of Affected Horses and Histopathological Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 73%

“…This short contribution serves to document the pathology seen in horses dying from equine influenza (EI) virus infection during the August 2007 outbreak in Australia, in which more than 76,000 horses from 10,651 properties were estimated to have been infected 1 …”

Section: Summary Of Affected Horses and Histopathological Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathological changes in horses dying with equine influenza in Australia, 2007

Begg¹,

Reece

Hum

et al. 2011

Aust Veterinary J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Analysis of pathology results from the 2007 equine influenza (EI) outbreak in Australia indicate that young foals in naïve horse populations are prone to developing broncho-interstitial pneumonia, and that this can be a rare manifestation of EI virus infection in mature horses. All horses may develop secondary bacterial bronchopneumonia, with mature horses more likely to die. EI outbreaks among heavily pregnant mares can result in increased neonatal losses because of premature placental separation and dystocia causing fetal hypoxia.

show abstract

The first five days: field and laboratory investigations during the early stages of the equine influenza outbreak in Australia, 2007

Cited by 29 publications

References 12 publications

Descriptive and network analyses of the equine contact network at an equestrian show in Ontario, Canada and implications for disease spread

Descriptive and network analyses of the equine contact network at an equestrian show in Ontario, Canada and implications for disease spread

Determining the endpoint of an outbreak of equine influenza in a large population of racing Thoroughbreds

Pathological changes in horses dying with equine influenza in Australia, 2007

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About