The First Farmers at Oueili

Huot, Jean-Louis

doi:10.2307/3210313

Cited by 4 publications

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“…), Shimshara (Mortensen 1970) and Yarim Tepe I (Merpert and Munchaev 1969) contained Samarran ware in association with the preceding Hassuna entity. Also, evidence was found at Chogha Mami (Oates 1968(Oates , 1969, Oueili (Huot 1971) and other sites such as Songor A (Matsumoto 1987), Rihan I (Gibson 1979) and probably Abada (Jasim 1981) in the Hamrin region, attesting to an expansion of the Samarran phenomenon 1 to the eastern and southern fringes of Mesopotamia. Moreover, the evidence gained from Baghouz (Braidwood et al 1944;Nieuwenhuyse 1999) and Sabi Abyad in Syria (Akkermans 1989), as well as Hakemi Use in southeastern Turkey (Tekin 2005(Tekin , 2012, indicates the presence of Samarran ware beyond the Iraqi borders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Since this ware was recovered from badly preserved graves below the Islamic levels, its stratigraphic and chronological context was not clarified until several decades later when Tell Hassuna was excavated in the early 1940s. However, subsequent excavations at the nearby type-site of Tell es-Sawwan (Abu al-Soof 1968, 1971 provided robust evidence that the Samarran elements originated from central Mesopotamia. Samarran wares have so far been recognized from a notable number of sites inside and outside the border of Iraq (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Consideration of Eastward Spread of the Samarran Phenomenon in the Light of New Evidence Along the Zagros Piedmont

Darabi¹

2020

Iraq

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The Samarran phenomenon has been under discussion since the early 20th century. Over the past several decades, increasing evidence has indicated that it was geographically distributed in a very large area across the Near East. In this regard, the eastward spread of the Samarran phenomenon across the Iranian frontier was little known, because related finds had mostly been recovered in the 1960–70s. This article highlights the discovery of new evidence in the transitional zone that connects the Zagros highlands with the Mesopotamian lowlands. During recent surveys in the plains of Mehran, Meimak, Soumar and Sarpol-e Zahab, a number of sites were found. They yielded ceramics identical with those already reported from nearby late Samarran sites such as Chogha Mami, Songor A and Rihan I. Chronologically, surface materials indicate that these newly found Iranian sites should belong to the late phase of Samarran period, coinciding with the so-called Chogha Mami Transitional (CMT). As seen from the natural setting of the sites along streams, and due to the predominance of nomadic herders in this transitional zone, we may assume that transhumant herders played a role in the eastward spread of the late Samarran phenomenon via the river valleys and that the site's inhabitants might have been familiar with a primitive irrigation system. Furthermore, it is speculated that the cold dry climatic event of 8.2 kya might have resulted in an increased intensity of population in the lowlands. Nevertheless, the subsequent climatic optimum appears to have paved the way for the eastward spread of late Samarran/CMT elements. Regardless of what was the major trigger of such an expansion, however, intensive economic interactions of societies probably played a role in the very early sixth millennium B.C., when natural raw materials such as bitumen were imported from western/southwestern Iran to central/southern Mesopotamia.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Consideration of Eastward Spread of the Samarran Phenomenon in the Light of New Evidence Along the Zagros Piedmont

Darabi¹

2020

Iraq

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The evolution of talk and the emergence of complex society

Zimmer¹

2002

Semi

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Evaluation of the Use of Tripartite Buildings Built in the Ubaid Culture Period in terms of Economic and Religious Functionality

AYTAN

2023

OANNES

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Kalkolitik Çağ’da Mezopotamya, ilk kentlerin ve devletin ortaya çıkışına zemin hazırlayan birtakım gelişmelere sahne olmuştur. Mezopotamya, Çanak Çömlekli Neolitik Dönemde Hassuna ve Samarra, Kalkolitik Çağ’da Halaf ve Ubeyd kültür dönemleri olarak toplamda dört ayrı kısımda incelenmektedir. Uruk kent döneminin öncesinde Güney Mezopotamya’da ortaya çıkan Ubeyd kültür döneminde yaşanan gelişmeler, Mezopotamya’nın sosyal, dini ve ekonomik sürecini temelde etkilemiştir. Ubeyd döneminde üç bölümlü binalar olarak adlandırılan kamusal yapıların işlevi, konunun uzmanları tarafından farklı şekillerde ele alınıp yorumlanmıştır. Neolitik Çağ’dan Kalkolitik Çağ’a geçiş aşamasına kadar görülen eşitlikçi topluluk yapısı, Ubeyd dönemine gelindiğinde sınıflı topluluk yapısına doğru evrilmeye başlamıştır. Bir geçiş aşaması olarak nitelendirilen Ubeyd döneminde inşa edilen üç bölümlü binalar, toplumsal artının biriktirildiği, lüks malların ticaretinin yapıldığı, şölenlerin düzenlendiği ve toplumsal konuların görüşüldüğü kamusal yapılardır. Ubeyd döneminin en önemli iki merkezi olan Eridu ve Tepe Gawra’daki üç bölümlü binalarda ele geçen mühürler ve mezar kalıntıları bu dönem hakkında bilgi sahibi olunabilmesine olanak sağlamaktadır. Ubeyd kültür dönemi içerisinde görülen üç bölümlü binaların inşa ediliş amaçları ve nedenleri arkeologlar tarafından araştırılmıştır. Konu hakkındaki uzmanlar bu kamu binalarını önceki ve sonraki dönemlerde inşa edilen binalar ile kıyaslayarak farklı yorumlarda bulunmuşlardır. Bu çalışma, sosyal yapının yeniden şekillenmesinde etkili olan üç bölümlü binaları ve binalarda ele geçen buluntuları ekonomik ve dini bakımdan değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır.

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The First Farmers at Oueili

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

A Consideration of Eastward Spread of the Samarran Phenomenon in the Light of New Evidence Along the Zagros Piedmont

A Consideration of Eastward Spread of the Samarran Phenomenon in the Light of New Evidence Along the Zagros Piedmont

The evolution of talk and the emergence of complex society

Evaluation of the Use of Tripartite Buildings Built in the Ubaid Culture Period in terms of Economic and Religious Functionality

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