The First Case of <I>Yersinia pestis</I> subsp. <I>pestis</I> Isolation in the Territory of the Altai Mountain Natural Plague Focus. Communication 2. Probable Ways and Mechanisms of Plague Agent Main Subspesies Importation into the Territory of the Focus

Abstract

of the epizootical situation in the North-West Mongolia and bordering regions of Russia has revealed the fact that plague agent of the main ssp., for the first time ever isolated in the Altai mountain natural plague focus in 2012, is imported from Serkh-Munkh-Khairkhan, which stands approximately 240 km away from it on the straight. It has been demonstrated that possibility of Yersinia pestis ssp. pestis transfer into the territory of Gorny Altai via slow natural migration of infected rodents, lagomorphs and their ectoparasites, as well as transmission by birds or terrestrial varmints in the mountainous environment over that large distance even within the period of several decades, is extremely negligible. The situation is conditioned by the presence of numerous physicalgeographical barriers between the two regions involved and ecological peculiarities of the plague vectors and carriers. It is more likely that the agent of the main spp. has appeared in Gorny Altai due to the importation of infected fleas with isabelline wheatear (Ocenanthe isabellina) during a spring migration.

Genetic diversity of Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica in Kazakhstan

“…It winters in Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and India where it shares wintering areas with the Northern wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe), which has an even more widespread geographic range, including Scandinavia, Alaska, North-East Canada. A potential role of the Isabellina wheatear in the propagation of plague has previously been proposed [64,65].…”

Phylogenetic characteristics of strains of the causative agent of tularemia in the Rostov region and identification of erythromycin-sensitive genovariants

“…В качестве потенциального переносчика рассматривается каменка-изабелла -перелётная насекомоядная птица. Ранее предполагалась её возможная роль в распространении возбудителя чумы [30,31]. Для европейской территории характерны свои маршруты перелётных птиц из Скандинавии до побережья Африки (рис.…”

A Case of Human Plague in Kosh-Agach Region of the Republic of Altai in 2015. Communication 2. Microbiological and Molecular-Genetic Characteristics of the Isolated Strains

“…аналогичный плазмидовар был об-наружен и у штаммов Y. pestis 1454, Y. pestis 517 (и-3591), Y. pestis 1530 (и-3592), выделенных в 2012 и в 2014 гг. в горно-алтайском высокогорном при-родном очаге [5,8].…”

“…на основании проведенного исследования и данных, полученных в последние годы [4,5,6,8,9], можно заключить, что спорадические случаи за-болеваний людей чумой в кош-агачском районе республики алтай и обнаружение возбудителя чумы основного подвида в поселениях носителей воз-будителя инфекции на разных территориях горно-алтайского высокогорного природного очага чумы представляют собой следствие единого процесса. он заключается в интродукции Y. pestis subsp.…”