The fierce commitment to 1% motorcycle clubs

Harris, Kira J

doi:10.1080/18335330.2016.1161221

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This would further complicate society's collective action against OMC criminal activities. Therefore, policing strategies should take into account the social dynamics of each chapter (see Harris 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs (OMCs), or Outlaw Motorcycle gangs (OMGs) as law enforcement agencies tend to call them, are a subculture rooted in the immediate post-World War II era (Harris 2016). The term denotes a subculture comprising organizations that bring together and organize motorcycle riders into clubs with distinctive and recognizable value system, set of principles, symbols and paraphernalia embracing a certain law-breaking character (Lauchs et al 2015;Quinn andShane Koch 2003, 2010).…”

Section: Introduction Outlaw Motorcycle Clubsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Harris (2016) argues that these clubs provided opportunities for their members to oppose mainstream establishments, which were perceived as suppressing their individuality (Harris 2016:74). The post-war re-established camaraderie also explains the militaristic organizational design of OMCs, with officers, sergeants-at-arms and other symbols and paraphernalia which uphold the subculture of OMCs.…”

Section: Introduction Outlaw Motorcycle Clubsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organizing on two wheels: uncovering the organizational patterns of Hells Angels MC in Sweden

Rostami

Mondani

2017

Trends Organ Crim

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During the last decades, Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs (OMCs) have become a concern for crime prevention and law enforcement agencies. The general perception of OMCs is ambiguous. They are seen either as highly structured criminal organizations whose members use their motorcycle clubs for conducting sophisticated criminal enterprises, or as clubs built around the camaraderie of freedom-seeking bikers. Using unique Swedish longitudinal data on gang membership and co-offending patterns, we study the organizational dynamics of Hells Angels MC Sweden and its sub-organizations Red & White Crew and Red Devils MC. Our results reveal a complex picture. Co-offending network patterns and offense type distributions vary for each sub-organization, indicating potential differences in organizational dynamics. Red & White Crew has features that are more similar to street gangs than OMCs, and Red Devils MC has a more decentralized and chapter-based pattern of criminal collaboration than Hells Angels MC. Besides increasing our understanding of OMC collaboration structure, our results have implications for crime prevention strategies. We suggest that social responses and law enforcement efforts should take into account the heterogeneity of OMCs in order to avoid counterproductive consequences in terms of increased group cohesiveness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction Outlaw Motorcycle Clubsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction Outlaw Motorcycle Clubsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organizing on two wheels: uncovering the organizational patterns of Hells Angels MC in Sweden

Rostami

Mondani

2017

Trends Organ Crim

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“…Literatürdeki sosyal kimlik çalışmalarına bakıldığında gruplar arası davranışlar (Tajfel ve Turner, 1979), sosyal kimlik kazanımları (Green ve Jones, 2005), sosyal kimliğin depresyonla başa çıkmada rolü (Cruwys vd., 2014) ve gruba bağlılığın sosyal kimliğe etkisi (Ashforth ve Mael, 1989;Swann ve Bosson, 2010;Ellemers, 2012;Hogg, Abrams ve Brewer, 2017) gibi konulara odaklanılmıştır. Rekreatif gruplara üye kişilerin sosyal kimlikleri üzerine yapılan çalışmalar ise sınırlıdır (Harris, 2016). Bu doğrultuda bu çalışmanın amacı, serbest zamanlarında motosiklet ile seyahat eden ve bir motosiklet grubuna üye olan kişilerin sosyal kimliklerini ortaya çıkarmaktır.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Rekreatif Amaçlı Seyahat Eden Motosiklet Kullanıcılarının Sosyal Kimlikleri Üzerine Bir Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması

Ertaş¹

2020

TR1010

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İnsanlar hayatları boyunca birçok gruba girmekte ve üye olmaktadır. Gönüllü olarak üye olunan bu gruplar kişinin sosyal kimliğini etkileyerek yeni bir sosyal kimliğin ortaya çıkmasını sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı ise serbest zamanlarında motosiklet ile seyahat eden ve bir motosiklet grubuna üye olan motosiklet kullanıcılarının sosyal kimliklerini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Aynı zamanda bu çalışmada motosiklet kullanıcılarına özgü sosyal kimlik ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmada nitel ve nicel yöntemler kullanılarak dört aşamada veri toplanmıştır. Nitel yöntemler olarak 27 kişi ile yarı yapılandırılmış soru formu, 33 kişi ile tam yapılandırılmış soru formu ile mülakatlar yapılmış ve üç adet odak grup çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Daha sonra 486 adet anket toplanmış ve açıklayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda, motosiklet gruplarına üye olan bireylerin sosyal kimlik belirleyicilerinin duygusal bağ, güvenlik, özgürlük hissi ve motosiklet ile seyahat etme ve gruba üye olması sonuncunda elde ettiği kazanımlar olarak ortaya çıkmıştır.

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“…They do not feel they can fully conform to mainstream life (Barker, 2005) and embrace the 1% outsider positionality as an important part of personal identity which should be upheld by any means (Harris, 2016). 1%MCs outwardly do not describe themselves as criminal gangs, however European research suggests that affiliation with one of these groups increases the likelihood of serious criminal activity (Klement, 2016).…”

Section: Special Interest 'Gangs'mentioning

confidence: 99%

Educating 'Gangsters': Social space, informal learning and becoming 'Gang' involved

McHugh¹

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This research focuses on the previously neglected topic of how people are educated into groups commonly described as 'gangs'; in particular, this thesis outlines the role that social space plays in such educative processes. This focus enables both a new contribution to knowledge in the field of 'gang' studies and understandings of the way social space is used, understood and perceived by those involved in 'gangs'.Much research exists in the field of 'gang' studies spanning various disciplines and sub-fields. The existing literature on 'gangs' predominantly engages with typographies, definitions and prevention; the majority of which stems from a criminological perspective. There has been no direct attempt to explore the ways in which people are educated into 'gangs' thus far. Rather than begin from any predetermined assumptions, this research centred on people who have been involved with or affected by 'gangs' in order to begin from the lived experiences of those involved or affected.In-depth interviews were carried out with twenty-two participants who are, or were: involved in 'gangs'; family members of 'gangs'; and professionals who work with 'gangs' (most of whom were previously involved in such groups themselves). Other ethnographic methods were utilised alongside interviews: primarily overt, with some covert participant observations. Ethnographic aspects of the research were undertaken during a twelve-month period in social spaces that were highlighted by participants as being synonymous with, and frequented, by 'gangs'. This thesis highlights the conditions, structures, agentive responses and social spaces that form the educative processes for becoming involved in 'gangs'. My contribution to knowledge herein demonstrates how: education within 'gangs' takes place through stories, social haunting and reflection within third places and the wider community; occurs under structural conditions but is mediated by agentive choice; social space fosters a community spirit and offers the opportunity to become someone. Word count: 299iii

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The fierce commitment to 1% motorcycle clubs

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Organizing on two wheels: uncovering the organizational patterns of Hells Angels MC in Sweden

Organizing on two wheels: uncovering the organizational patterns of Hells Angels MC in Sweden

Rekreatif Amaçlı Seyahat Eden Motosiklet Kullanıcılarının Sosyal Kimlikleri Üzerine Bir Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması

Educating 'Gangsters': Social space, informal learning and becoming 'Gang' involved

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