The Fiction of "Undue Inducement": Why Researchers Should Be Allowed to Pay Participants Any Amount of Money for Any Reasonable Research Project

Savulescu, Julian

doi:10.1162/152651601300169211

“…Macklin declared that such inducements are “undue” and should be prohibited. That position has been vigorously debated in subsequent literature (Savulescu 2001; Largent 2013; Klitzman 2013a) and at least one study provides evidence that inducements do not impede judgment (Halpern 2004). In the context of research on controlled drugs, we anticipate that the issue of undue inducement will be raised.…”

Section: An Ethical Exploration Of Barriers To Research On Controlledmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Ethical Exploration of Barriers to Research on Controlled Drugs

Andreae

¹

,

Rhodes

²

,

Bourgoise

³

et al. 2016

The American Journal of Bioethics

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We examine the ethical, social and regulatory barriers that may hamper research on therapeutic potential of certain controversial controlled substances like marijuana, heroin or ketamine. Hazards for individuals and society, and their potential adverse effects on communities may be good reasons for limiting access and justify careful monitoring of certain substances. Overly strict regulations, fear of legal consequences, stigma associated with abuse and populations using illicit drugs, and lack of funding may hinder research on their considerable therapeutic potential. We review the surprisingly sparse literature and address the particular ethical concerns of undue inducement, informed consent, risk to participants, researchers and institutions, justice and liberty germane to the research with illicit and addictive substances. We debate the disparate research stakeholder perspectives and why they are likely to be infected with bias. We propose an empirical research agenda to provide a more evidentiary basis for ethical reasoning.

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“…When no one is allowed to be a free-rider, everyone becomes a stakeholder with an interest in appropriate standards for studies in which any individual might be called upon to participate. in promoting cooperation and collaboration (Grady 2001;Lemmens and Elliott 1999;Savulescu 2001). Currently shunned incentives for completing studies would become acceptable motivation.…”

Section: Implications Of Rethinking the Ethical Conduct Of Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rethinking Research Ethics

Rhodes

2010

The American Journal of Bioethics

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Contemporary research ethics policies started with reflection on the atrocities perpetrated upon concentration camp inmates by Nazi doctors. Apparently, as a consequence of that experience, the policies that now guide human subject research focus on the protection of human subjects by making informed consent the centerpiece of regulatory attention. I take the choice of context for policy design, the initial prioritization of informed consent, and several associated conceptual missteps, to have set research ethics off in the wrong direction. The aim of this paper is to sort out these confusions and their implications and to offer instead a straightforward framework for considering the ethical conduct of human subject research. In the course of this discussion I clarify different senses of autonomy that have been confounded and present more intelligible justifications for informed consent. I also take issue with several of the now accepted dogmas that govern research ethics. These include: the primacy of informed consent, the protection of the vulnerable, the substitution of beneficence for research's social purpose, and the introduction of an untenable distinction between innovation and research.

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“…r Surrogates would have greater authority for approving the participation of subjects who lack decisional capacity while IRBs would have greater responsibility for monitoring the conduct of studies with such subjects. r Instead of taking incentives as coercive destruction of autonomy, incentives would be allowed to play a role in promoting cooperation and collaboration (Grady 2001;Lemmens and Elliott 1999;Savulescu 2001). Currently shunned incentives for completing studies would become acceptable motivation.…”

Section: Implications Of Rethinking the Ethical Conduct Of Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rethinking Research Ethics

Rhodes

¹

2005

The American Journal of Bioethics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Contemporary research ethics policies started with reflection on the atrocities perpetrated upon concentration camp inmates by Nazi doctors. Apparently, as a consequence of that experience, the policies that now guide human subject research focus on the protection of human subjects by making informed consent the centerpiece of regulatory attention. I take the choice of context for policy design, the initial prioritization of informed consent, and several associated conceptual missteps, to have set research ethics off in the wrong direction. The aim of this paper is to sort out these confusions and their implications and to offer instead a straightforward framework for considering the ethical conduct of human subject research. In the course of this discussion I clarify different senses of autonomy that have been confounded and present more intelligible justifications for informed consent. I also take issue with several of the now accepted dogmas that govern research ethics. These include: the primacy of informed consent, the protection of the vulnerable, the substitution of beneficence for research's social purpose, and the introduction of an untenable distinction between innovation and research.

show abstract

The Fiction of "Undue Inducement": Why Researchers Should Be Allowed to Pay Participants Any Amount of Money for Any Reasonable Research Project

Cited by 17 publications

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An Ethical Exploration of Barriers to Research on Controlled Drugs

An Ethical Exploration of Barriers to Research on Controlled Drugs

Rethinking Research Ethics

Rethinking Research Ethics

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