The fertiliser economy of high producing pastoral systems

Middleton, K. R.

doi:10.1007/bf01073561

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Table 1 and 2) with the differences being greater with P than with S. In practical farming, response curves to a fertiliser nutrient mixture providing balanced nutrition (e.g., superphosphate providing P and S in balance) may be more relevant than the more commonly researched responses to single nutrients at constant, non-limiting rates of others. Thus, Middleton (1980) has advocated the use of response curves to physiologically balanced nutrient mixtures instead of single nutrients as a basis for determining optimum fertiliser application rates. For assessing P and S status of nutritionally balanced pastures it is therefore preferable to use the adequacy indicators for RY [PS] (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects and interactions of phosphorus and sulphur on a mown white clover/ryegrass sward 3. Indices of nutrient adequacy

Sinclair

Morrison

Smith

et al. 1997

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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Relationships were examined between relative yields of pasture with respect to phosphorus (P) and sulphur (S) applications, and clover herbage P and S concentrations and P/nitrogen (N) and S/N ratios in a P x S factorial fertiliser trial on a mown clover/ryegrass sward. The relationships between the yield of a treatment relative to the maximum yield obtainable with high rates of P alone (RY[P]) and both % P and P/N were affected by the application rate of S. S deficiency generally lowered the % P required for any given RY[P] but raised the P/N required. This latter effect was because S deficiency markedly lowered clover herbage N concentration. P deficiency had a similar but smaller effect on % S and S/N required for any RY [S]. S/N was much less sensitive to changes in clover S status than P/N was to changes in clover P status. This resulted from the strong stimulatory effect of S on clover % N. Relationships were also established between clover P and S adequacy indices and RY [PS] which is the herbage yield with P and S in physiological balance relative to the maximum yield with P and S in physiological balance. These relationships differed from those involving RY[P] and RY [S], requiring a higher value of the adequacy index for any specified RY. Nutrient concentrations (particularly of S and N) and ratios changed during a year, indicating that more than one sampling per year would be A96068 Received 16 September 1996; accepted 6 December 1996 necessary to determine whether the current fertiliser policy was succeeding in maintaining adequate and balanced nutrition throughout the year.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects and interactions of phosphorus and sulphur on a mown white clover/ryegrass sward 3. Indices of nutrient adequacy

Sinclair

Morrison

Smith

et al. 1997

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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“…We could not find such a definition in the literature, although the importance of balanced nutrition is very well recognised (e.g., Walker et al 1955;Middleton 1980Middleton , 1983Janssen et al 1994). The basic tenet of the definition we use in this paper is that the most deficient nutrient is the one whose addition on its own can produce the greatest yield increase.…”

Section: Identifying Balanced Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Middleton (1980) has been severely critical of selecting fertiliser nutrient ratios solely on the basis of economic interpretations of factorial trials, especially when these are of short duration. He showed that the purely economic approach could lead to fertiliser recommendations which were severely imbalanced from a physiological viewpoint, and argued that the continued use of such fertiliser mixtures would lead to accumulating excess and consequent imbalance of fertiliser elements in the root-zone which would give results very different from those in the short-term trials.…”

Section: R = S/(s + P)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During et al (1960) presented results from two multi-factorial field trials examining the interplay of various fertiliser and lime treatments on pasture growth; many nutrient and lime interactions, both positive and negative, were observed, emphasising the importance of balancing fertiliser and lime applications correctly to give maximum returns. McNaught (1973) and Middleton(1973Middleton( ,1980Middleton( , 1983 have also emphasised the importance of nutrient balance in pastures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects and interactions of phosphorus and sulphur on a mown white clover/ryegrass sward

Sinclair

Smith

Morrison

et al. 1996

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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The pattern of yield response to phosphorus (P) and sulphur (S) fertiliser applied in a factorial design involving 5 rates of each nutrient on a mown white clover/ryegrass sward was studied over 2 years. Large responses to both P and S occurred with white clover and only small responses with ryegrass in both years. Over the whole period, in white clover the response to S was twice the response to P whereas in ryegrass the response to P was twice the response to S. A bivariate Mitscherlich-related equation was developed to model the response surface and was found to account for 92.5-95.5% of the variation in white clover and total DM yields. The fitted equation was used to identify combinations of P and S fertiliser rates giving rise to balanced nutrition. Nutrients were defined as being in balance when maximum possible responses to each applied alone were equal. Once the initial imbalance between nutrients was eliminated by appropriate application of one nutrient, the ratio of further S and P required to provide balance at higher levels of production was relatively constant over application rates, being 0.56:1 S:P for the full period of the experiment. Economically optimal fertiliser S:P ratios were calculated from fitted response surfaces and individual nutrient costs. These ratios were always A96033 Received 26 March 1996; accepted 27 June 1996 higher than those which supported balanced nutrition and this was attributed to the much lower cost of S and its greater agronomic efficiency on a per kg basis.

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Effect of aluminium in the presence of phosphate and lime on growth and chemical composition of ryegrass and lucerne

Middleton

Smith

1982

Fertilizer Research

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The fertiliser economy of high producing pastoral systems

Cited by 9 publications

References 15 publications

Effects and interactions of phosphorus and sulphur on a mown white clover/ryegrass sward 3. Indices of nutrient adequacy

Effects and interactions of phosphorus and sulphur on a mown white clover/ryegrass sward 3. Indices of nutrient adequacy

Effects and interactions of phosphorus and sulphur on a mown white clover/ryegrass sward

Effect of aluminium in the presence of phosphate and lime on growth and chemical composition of ryegrass and lucerne

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