The Feminization of Occupations and Change in Wages: A Panel Analysis of Britain, Germany, and Switzerland

Abstract

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The wage penalty for motherhood: Evidence on discrimination from panel data and a survey experiment for Switzerland

“…We further control for the share of women in a given occupation 4 (Murphy and Oesch 2016) and, in the SHP, for the prestige of an occupation (Treiman scale). In the SLFS we further control for occupation (ISCO 1-digit) and sector (NOGA).…”

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“…We examine this in terms of occupational segregation. In the form of occupational feminization this is a key part of the opportunity structure in employment as it is associated with lower wages (e.g., Bettio and Verashchagina ; Levanon, England and Allison ; Murphy and Oesch ). It is particularly important in recessions as protective sectors where women do well are squeezed (Rubery and Rafferty ).…”

Gender Pay Gap, Voluntary Interventions and Recession: The Case of the British Financial Services Sector

“…Secondly, women and men are often segregated horizontally by doing different work and vertically with one sex (male) dominating the hierarchies (Charles ), so that wage disparities across male and female occupations are explained by gender segregation and devaluation (Murphy and Oesch ). Dex et al .…”

“…Secondly, women and men are often segregated horizontally by doing different work and vertically with one sex (male) dominating the hierarchies (Charles 2003), so that wage disparities across male and female occupations are explained by gender segregation and devaluation (Murphy and Oesch 2015). Dex et al (2008) showed that women's wages grew more slowly than men's wages because they were located disproportionately in lower growth and feminized jobs.…”