The Female Rat’s Sleep during Oestrous Cycle

Kleinlogel, H.

doi:10.1159/000118016

Cited by 55 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Presumably anticholinergic, antihistaminic, dopaminolytic or some other effects are more important with regard to 'sedation'. The increased SWS in our study may have been in part the consequence of the higher muscular activity during wakefulness [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

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Effects of the Selective α<sub>1</sub>-Adrenoceptor Blocker Prazosin on EEG Sleep and Waking Stages in the Rat

Kleinlogel¹

1989

Neuropsychobiology

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In order to gain a better understanding of the role of the noradrenergic system in the control of the EEG sleep-waking stages, the effects of the selective α₁-antagonist prazosin was investigated in the rat. Oral doses of prazosin (0.1–10 mg/kg) were administered that have been shown to enter the brain. EEG sleep and waking stages were recorded either during 8 h after drug administration at 8.00 in the morning or during 48 h after drug administration at 16.00 in the afternoon. It was found that prazosin at doses of 0.1–10 mg/kg shortened quiet waking. Starting at 1 mg/kg paradoxical sleep (PS) was shortened and, most interestingly, active waking and slow wave sleep (SWS) were prolonged. PS spindles and dozing were shortened after a latency of some hours during the 48-hour experiment. However, during the 8-hour experiment PS spindles were prolonged at 0.32 and 1 mg/kg. These data suggest that in the rat α₁-adrenoceptor inhibition in the brain allows the occurrence of active waking and SWS and suppresses PS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…Previous studies have shown that there are circadian fluctuations in EEG vigilance pattern [12] as well as in ct|-adrenergic binding [8]. Therefore, it could be ex pected that the results of the 8-hour EEG experiment may not be identical to those of the 48-hour experiment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effects of the Selective α<sub>1</sub>-Adrenoceptor Blocker Prazosin on EEG Sleep and Waking Stages in the Rat

Kleinlogel¹

1989

Neuropsychobiology

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“…Normal sleep patterns in the female rat are exquisitely sensitive to the natural fluctuations of ovarian steroids (for review see [1]). Findings from a number of studies in rats generally agree that on the night of pro-estrus, when oestradiol and progesterone are elevated, both NREMS and REMS are significantly reduced compared with other phases of the oestrous cycle [115][116][117][118]. Ovariectomy eliminates the fluctuations in nocturnal sleep observed over the oestrous cycle, and exogenous oestradiol plus progesterone or oestradiol alone are sufficient to recapitulate the suppression of sleep observed during the night of proestrus [108,[119][120][121][122].…”

Section: (A) Sex Differences In Sleep Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in sleep: impact of biological sex and sex steroids

Mong

Cusmano

2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

400

300

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One contribution of 16 to a theme issue 'Multifaceted origins of sex differences in the brain'. Men and women sleep differently. While much is known about the mechanisms that drive sleep, the reason for these sex differences in sleep behaviour is unknown and understudied. Historically, women and female animals are underrepresented in studies of sleep and its disorders. Nevertheless, there is a growing recognition of sex disparities in sleep and rhythm disorders. Women typically report poorer quality and more disrupted sleep across various stages of life. Findings from clinical and basic research studies strongly implicate a role for sex steroids in sleep modulation. Understanding how neuroendocrine mediators and sex differences influence sleep is central to advancing our understanding of sleep-related disorders. The investigation into sex differences and sex steroid modulation of sleep is in its infancy. Identifying the mechanisms underlying sex and gender differences in sleep will provide valuable insights leading to tailored therapeutics that benefit each sex. The goal of this review is to discuss our current understanding of how biological sex and sex steroids influence sleep behaviour from both the clinical and pre-clinical perspective.

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“…Cycling female rats (12,22,25,50,63,67) and mice (26) suppress sleep at proestrus, when circulating estradiol (E2) levels peak. The periovulatory decrease in sleep is abolished by ovariectomy (OVX) (7,44,45,64) and is restored by exogenous E2 treatment in OVX rats (7,13,64) and mice (45), demonstrating that E2 powerfully and directly influences spontaneous sleep in both intact and OVX/hormonereplaced rodents.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Estradiol modulates recovery of REM sleep in a time-of-day-dependent manner

Schwartz

Mong

2013

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Ovarian hormones are thought to modulate sleep and fluctuations in the hormonal milieu are coincident with sleep complaints in women. In female rats, estradiol increases waking and suppresses sleep. In this study, we asked whether this effect is mediated via circadian or homeostatic regulatory mechanisms. Ovariectomized female rats received daily injections of estradiol benzoate (EB) or sesame oil that mimicked the rapid increase and subsequent decline of circulating estradiol at proestrus. In one experiment, animals were sleep deprived for 6 h starting at lights-on, so that recovery began in the mid-light phase; in the second experiment, animals were sleep deprived starting in the mid-light phase, so that recovery began at lights-off. EB suppressed baseline rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM (NREM) sleep and increased waking in the dark phase. In both experiments, EB enhanced REM recovery in the light phase while suppressing it in the dark compared with oil; this effect was most pronounced in the first 6 h of recovery. By contrast, NREM recovery was largely unaffected by EB. In summary, EB enhanced waking and suppressed sleep, particularly REM sleep, in the dark under baseline and recovery conditions. These strong temporally dependent effects suggest that EB consolidates circadian sleep-wake rhythms in female rats.

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The Female Rat’s Sleep during Oestrous Cycle

Cited by 55 publications

References 11 publications

Effects of the Selective α<sub>1</sub>-Adrenoceptor Blocker Prazosin on EEG Sleep and Waking Stages in the Rat

Effects of the Selective α<sub>1</sub>-Adrenoceptor Blocker Prazosin on EEG Sleep and Waking Stages in the Rat

Sex differences in sleep: impact of biological sex and sex steroids

Estradiol modulates recovery of REM sleep in a time-of-day-dependent manner

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