The Female Labor Force and Long-run Development: The American Experience in Comparative Perspective

Olivetti, Claudia

doi:10.3386/w19131

“…Goldin found initial evidence of the U-shape relation in a study on the US (Goldin, 1995). These results were confirmed in more recent studies (Goldin, 2004, 2006, Olivetti, 2013) that were also able to pinpoint five distinct phases characterizing the evolution of FPRs in the US. The first phase ("The independent female worker", up to the 1920s) saw the entrance of young and low educated women into the labor force, mostly in poorly paid or non-paid occupations followed by a subsequent exit from the labor force explained by marriage and the shift to home work.…”

Section: Theory and Evidencesupporting

confidence: 73%

Economic Development and Female Labor Participation in the Middle East and North Africa: A Test of the U-Shape Hypothesis

Verme¹

2014

Policy Research Working Papers

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Abstract: The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is known for having low female labor market participation rates compared with its level of economic development. A possible explanation is that countries in this region do not follow a U-shape relation between female participation and GDP during the process of economic development as initially proposed by Goldin (Investment in Women's Human Capital and Economic Development 1995) and observed elsewhere. This paper tests the U-shape hypothesis for the MENA region and finds that the region has outperformed other world regions in terms of the main drivers of the hypothesis, but there is no clear evidence of a U-shape. Terms of use: Documents in EconStor mayJEL codes: F66; J13; J16; J21.

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“…Olivetti (2012) provides evidence from a large sample of developed and developing countries that connects the u-shaped profile for female labor force participation to structural transformation, extending the earlier work by Goldin (1995). Specifically, she finds that as countries develop, the share of women who work in agriculture relative to all working women decreases faster than the share of men who work in agriculture relative to all working men, the share of women who work in services increases faster than the share of men, and the share of women who work in manufacturing remains flatter than the share of men.…”

Section: Structural Transformation and Hours Workedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and Structural Transformation

Herrendorf

¹

,

Rogerson

²

,

Valentinyi

³

2014

Handbook of Economic Growth

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Structural transformation refers to the reallocation of economic activity across the broad sectors agriculture, manufacturing and services. This review article synthesizes and evaluates recent advances in the research on structural transformation. We begin by presenting the stylized facts of structural transformation across time and space. We then develop a multi-sector extension of the one-sector growth model that encompasses the main existing theories of structural transformation. We argue that this multi-sector model serves as a natural benchmark to study structural transformation and that it is able to account for many salient features of structural transformation. We also argue that this multi-sector model delivers new and sharper insights for understanding economic development, regional income convergence, aggregate productivity trends, hours worked, business cycles, and wage inequality. We conclude by suggesting several directions for future research on structural transformation.

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“…9 During the early 20th century, the Danish female labor force participation rate was between 30 and 40 percent (Olivetti, 2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

What is the Added Value of Preschool for Poor Children? Long-Term and Intergenerational Impacts and Interactions with an Infant Health Intervention

Rossin‐Slater

¹

,

Wüst

²

2016

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit organization supported by Deutsche Post Foundation. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its international network, workshops and conferences, data service, project support, research visits and doctoral program. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public. Terms of use: Documents in D I S C U S S I O N P A P E R S E R I E S What is the Added Value of Preschool? Long-Term Impacts and Interactions with a Health InterventionIZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author. We study the impact of targeted high quality preschool over the life cycle and across generations, and examine its interaction with a health intervention during infancy. Using administrative data from Denmark together with variation in the timing of program implementation between 1933 and 1960, we find lasting benefits of access to preschool at age 3 on outcomes through age 65 -educational attainment increases, income rises (for men), and the probability of survival increases (for women). Further, the benefits persist to the next generation, who experience higher educational attainment by age 25. However, exposure to a nurse home visiting program in infancy reduces the added value of preschool. The positive effect of preschool is lowered by 85 percent for years of schooling (of the first generation) and by 86 percent for adult income among men. JEL Classification:I38, I14, J13

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The Female Labor Force and Long-run Development: The American Experience in Comparative Perspective

Cited by 71 publications

References 48 publications

Economic Development and Female Labor Participation in the Middle East and North Africa: A Test of the U-Shape Hypothesis

Economic Development and Female Labor Participation in the Middle East and North Africa: A Test of the U-Shape Hypothesis

Growth and Structural Transformation

What is the Added Value of Preschool for Poor Children? Long-Term and Intergenerational Impacts and Interactions with an Infant Health Intervention

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