The Feasibility of Small-Scale Residential DC Distribution Systems

Engelen, Kristof; Shun, E. Leung; Vermeyen, Pieter; Pardon, Ief; D’hulst, Reinhilde; Driesen, Johan; Belmans, Ronnie

doi:10.1109/iecon.2006.347246

Cited by 118 publications

(62 citation statements)

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“…This results in smaller wire losses, as losses are in quadratic relation to the current [82]. Conduction losses are, however, relatively small even in the existing 230 VAC residential grids.…”

Section: Comparison Between Ac and DC Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conduction losses are, however, relatively small even in the existing 230 VAC residential grids. In a previous study [82] they accounted for only 0.3 % of the transferred power.…”

Section: Comparison Between Ac and DC Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An ideal DC/DC-converter can achieve 100% operating efficiency, whereas in practise the efficiencies typically vary between 70-95% [89]. Each conversion stage induces losses to the power chain, and transformers also cause additional standby losses [82]. A detailed analysis of power converters can be found from the literature [88], [89], [91], [92].…”

Section: Comparison Between Ac and DC Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regulations [87] also allow higher voltages for DC than for AC in otherwise similar electric systems. This means that a larger amount of power can be transferred with DC than with AC through similar wires [82] [88].…”

Section: Comparison Between Ac and DC Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Today buildings contain a large amount of electronic devices that operate on DC [20] [82]. Power electronics have developed as well and today there are energy efficient DC/DC converters available that can change the DC voltage to the required level [83].…”

Section: Comparison Between Ac and DC Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrical efficiency study of alternating current and direct current power topologies in office building with integrated photovoltaics in Matlab-Simulink environment

Viitanen

Halonen

2014

Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy

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Ene rgy e ffic ie nt l igh t ing syst e ms in buil dings w it h int e grat e d ph o t o vo l t aic s J a nne V i i t a ne n D O C T O R A L D I S S E R T A T I O N SAalto University publication series DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS 18/2015 Energy efficient lighting systems in buildings with integrated photovoltaics Janne Viitanen A doctoral dissertation completed for the degree of Doctor of Science (Technology) to be defended, with the permission of the Aalto University School of Electrical Engineering, at a public examination held at the lecture hall S1 of the school on 6 March 2015 at 12. Aalto University School of Electrical Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation Lighting Unit AbstractThe goal of this thesis was to study how a building integrated photovoltaic system, choice of lighting technology and the selected system voltage affect the energy efficiency of an office building. The quality of the lighting was considered also, as it is essential that users accept the lighting.The energy production of photovoltaic system (PV) was evaluated in Southern Finland through onsite PV measurements from several different compass points and tilt angles during 2010-2013. Based on the measurements, the PV system was sized to provide energy for lighting and office appliances. The energy efficiency of the devices had considerable effect on the sizing of the PV system. The seasonal variations in the PV production were considerable, as only few per cent of the summer time insolation was available during the winter.The energy efficiency and quality of lighting was studied. Fluorescent lighting (FL) and LED lighting were compared, as they are the most used options in offices today. Lighting measurements and a user study was conducted. Different illuminance levels and correlated colour temperatures (CCT) were studied. The studied parameters included glare, reading task performance, identification of detail, colour naturalness and pleasantness, illuminance level sufficiency and pleasantness, pleasantness of the lighting in general and naturalness of the shadows. The subjects also set their own preferred illuminance levels and CCTs. No major differences were found in the subjective preferences at equal illuminance levels between luminaire types. On average, an illuminance level around 600 lx and a CCT around 4000 K were preferred. LEDs were found more energy efficient than FLs and the difference increased when the luminaires were dimmed.In the last part of the research the electricity consumption of an office building was compared with system voltages 12 VDC, 24 VDC, 48 VDC and 230 VAC through computer simulations in a Matlab-Simulink environment. It was found that 230 VAC was the most energy efficient option as a general system voltage, with the selected components and system variables. The 24 VDC was the most energy efficient option with fluorescent lighting and the 48 VDC with LED lighting, if only the lighting system was considered. Aurinkosähkön tuotantoa Etelä-Suomessa tutkittiin mittausten avulla eri il...

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Section: Comparison Between Ac and DC Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conduction losses are, however, relatively small even in the existing 230 VAC residential grids. In a previous study [82] they accounted for only 0.3 % of the transferred power.…”

Section: Comparison Between Ac and DC Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%