The feasibility and utility of optical coherence tomography directed histopathology for surgical margin assessment of canine mast cell tumours

Dornbusch, Josephine A.; Cocca, Christina J.; Jennings, Ryan; Samuelson, Jonathan; Vieson, Miranda D.; Huang, Pin‐Chieh; Boppart, Stephen A.; Wavreille, Vincent A; Selmic, Laura E.

doi:10.1111/vco.12654

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…The OCT image features for surgical margin tissues from resected skin and subcutaneous tumours were consistent with those previously described 37–39 . Different tumours had high‐scattering tissue with a lack of organization, and normal tissues had consistent structured appearances 37–39 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Optical coherence tomography for surgical margin evaluation of excised canine cutaneous and subcutaneous tumours

Cheng

Jennings

Chen

et al. 2022

Vet Comparative Oncology

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Currently, intraoperative tumour margin imaging is not routinely utilized in veterinary medicine. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) allows for real‐time assessment of tissue morphology of 1–2 mm depth. The aims of this study were (1) to compare the histologic and OCT features of excised canine skin and subcutaneous specimens, and (2) to determine the diagnostic accuracy of OCT for surgical margin evaluation. The authors hypothesized that OCT imaging would correlate well with histopathology and that OCT would be sensitive for detection of incomplete margins. Eighty dogs were prospectively enrolled. Tumours were excised, and the surgical margins were imaged using a spectral domain OCT system. The tumour type and completeness of excision were determined by histopathology. Nine blinded observers received training in OCT image interpretation and were then given a set of OCT images and videos. The observers assigned each image/video a grade from 1 (no tumour) to 4 (tumour) and the results were compared to histopathology. The overall median sensitivity and specificity of OCT imaging for detection of incomplete margins were 86.7% and 84.6%, respectively. A potential limitation is that observers had varied experience with OCT image interpretation, ranging from no prior experience to participating in a previous OCT project. OCT is sensitive for detection of incomplete margins and could be a promising real‐time surgical margin imaging modality. Further study is needed to evaluate intraoperative applications of OCT and its impact on tumour recurrence and long‐term outcome.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Optical coherence tomography for surgical margin evaluation of excised canine cutaneous and subcutaneous tumours

Cheng

Jennings

Chen

et al. 2022

Vet Comparative Oncology

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“…To date, OCT imaging has been evaluated in a limited capacity for surgical margin assessment in dogs. 5,21,22,40,41 Initial studies demonstrated differences in microstructural appearance and textural characteristics of different tissues at surgical margins. 5,21,22,40,41 The microstructural features were used to train observers of different specialties (radiology, pathology, surgery and OCT imaging) in a recent study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,21,22,40,41 Initial studies demonstrated differences in microstructural appearance and textural characteristics of different tissues at surgical margins. 5,21,22,40,41 The microstructural features were used to train observers of different specialties (radiology, pathology, surgery and OCT imaging) in a recent study. 40 Observers showed good accuracy of interpretation for ex vivo images, with an overall sensitivity of 83% and specificity of…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intraoperative assessment of canine soft tissue sarcoma by deep learning enhanced optical coherence tomography

Sun

et al. 2021

Vet Comparative Oncology

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Soft tissue sarcoma (STS) is a locally aggressive and infiltrative tumour in dogs. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice for local tumour control. Currently, postoperative pathology is performed for surgical margin assessment. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) has recently been evaluated for its value for surgical margin assessment in some tumour types in dogs. The purpose of this study was to develop an automatic diagnosis system that can assist clinicians in real-time for OCT image interpretation of tissues at surgical margins. We utilized a ResNet-50 network to classify healthy and cancerous tissues. A patch-based approach was adopted to achieve accurate classification with limited training data (80 cancer images, 80 normal images) and the validation set (20 cancer images, 20 normal images). The proposed method achieved an average accuracy of 97.1% with an excellent sensitivity of 94.3% on the validation set; the quadratic weighted κ was 0.94 for the STS diagnosis. In an independent test data set of 20 OCT images (10 cancer images, 10 normal images), the proposed method correctly differentiated all the STS images. Furthermore, we proposed a diagnostic curve, which could be evaluated in real-time to assist clinicians in detecting the specific location of a lesion. In short, the proposed method is accurate, operates in real-time and is non-invasive, which could be helpful for future surgical guidance.

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“…More research are being conducted for the OCT-based identification of canine and feline cancer. Selmic et al [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ] showed that optical coherence tomography (OCT) could be a promising tool for guiding small-animal surgeons and pathologists to areas of interest, improving the diagnostic accuracy (67.9–93.3%), and assessing surgical margins. OCT was shown to be appropriate to distinguish between the tissues with different densities (adipocytes, collagen fibers, fibrotic versus oedematous stroma) or cellularity (i.e., multifocal degranulation in MCT or necrotic spots in STS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multimodal Approach of Optical Coherence Tomography and Raman Spectroscopy Can Improve Differentiating Benign and Malignant Skin Tumors in Animal Patients

Tamošiūnas

Čiževskis

Viškere

et al. 2022

Cancers

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As in humans, cancer is one of the leading causes of companion animal mortality. Up to 30% of all canine and feline neoplasms appear on the skin or directly under it. There are only a few available studies that have investigated pet tumors by biophotonics techniques. In this study, we acquired 1115 optical coherence tomography (OCT) images of canine and feline skin, lipomas, soft tissue sarcomas, and mast cell tumors ex vivo, which were subsequently used for automated machine vision analysis. The OCT images were analyzed using a scanning window with a size of 53 × 53 μm. The distributions of the standard deviation, mean, range, and coefficient of variation values were acquired for each image. These distributions were characterized by their mean, standard deviation, and median values, resulting in 12 parameters in total. Additionally, 1002 Raman spectral measurements were made on the same samples, and features were generated by integrating the intensity of the most prominent peaks. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was used for sample classification, and sensitivities/specificities were acquired by leave-one-out cross-validation. Three datasets were analyzed—OCT, Raman, and combined. The combined OCT and Raman data enabled the best sample differentiation with the sensitivities of 0.968, 1, and 0.939 and specificities of 0.956, 1, and 0.977 for skin, lipomas, and malignant tumors, respectively. Based on these results, we concluded that the proposed multimodal approach, combining Raman and OCT data, can accurately distinguish between malignant and benign tissues.

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The feasibility and utility of optical coherence tomography directed histopathology for surgical margin assessment of canine mast cell tumours

Cited by 7 publications

References 25 publications

Optical coherence tomography for surgical margin evaluation of excised canine cutaneous and subcutaneous tumours

Optical coherence tomography for surgical margin evaluation of excised canine cutaneous and subcutaneous tumours

Intraoperative assessment of canine soft tissue sarcoma by deep learning enhanced optical coherence tomography

Multimodal Approach of Optical Coherence Tomography and Raman Spectroscopy Can Improve Differentiating Benign and Malignant Skin Tumors in Animal Patients

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