The ‘Fauci Effect’: Reducing COVID-19 misconceptions and vaccine hesitancy using an authentic multimodal intervention

Johnson, Victoria A.; Butterfuss, Reese; Kim, Jasmine; Orcutt, Ellen; Harsch, Rina; Kendeou, Panayiota

doi:10.1016/j.cedpsych.2022.102084

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Kwai and RED also demonstrated poor reliability performance. This outcome could be attributed to the platforms' content review mechanisms and user interaction patterns, suggesting that these platforms lack stringent medical content review mechanisms, thereby allowing the circulation of a substantial amount of inaccurate or misleading information [46,47]. Moreover, user interactions and comments may exacerbate this issue as non-professional discussions and advice could further misinform the audience [48,49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality of Cerebral Palsy-Related Videos on Chinese Social Media Platforms

He,

Tang,

Jin

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background A significant research gap exists in evaluating the prevalence and quality of Chinese videos depicting CP on domestic social media platforms. In contrast to studies that focus on online video content concerning CP on YouTube, CP videos on YouTube are largely inaccessible to average citizens in mainland China. This disparity underscores the need for further investigation into the availability and nature of CP videos specifically on Chinese social media platforms. Methods The present cross-sectional study examined 344 videos about CP from popular Chinese social media platforms, including TikTok, Kwai, Weibo, Bilibili, and RED. The analysis of these videos involved a detailed assessment of their sources, content, and characteristics. Additionally, quantitative scoring tools such as Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Benchmarks, Global Quality Score (GQS), and DISCERN were utilized to evaluate video quality. Furthermore, the potential relationship between video quality and various attributes such as duration, number of likes, and comments was explored and their impact on the quality of information presented in the videos was analyzed. Results The average duration of the 344 videos was 92.12 seconds (SD 105.69). CP rehabilitation training videos comprised 45.64% of the total, followed by expert-contributed videos at 40.70%. Mean scores for JAMA, GQS, and DISCERN were 1.62 (SD 0.60), 2.05 (SD 0.99), and 1.26 (SD 1.26) respectively. RED had the lowest average scores. Videos focusing on disease knowledge scored highest on JAMA and GQS scales. Experts achieved significantly higher GQS and DISCERN scores compared to health-related institutions and amateurs. Spearman correlation analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between likes and comments (r = 0.87, P < .001). Conclusion Enhancing the management of medical content is crucial to address the compromised reliability of Chinese online short videos providing information to families of CP patients. Improving content professionalism and accuracy ensures users access genuinely valuable information.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality of Cerebral Palsy-Related Videos on Chinese Social Media Platforms

He,

Tang,

Jin

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…A sixteen-item self-report scale was used to measure participants’ confidence in vaccines and their hesitancy toward them. Items were drawn from a previously validated instrument ( 51 ). Nine items measured participants’ confidence in vaccines (e.g., “Vaccines are effective in preventing diseases”), and the remaining seven items measured participants’ hesitancy toward vaccines (e.g., “Vaccines have negative side effects that outweigh the benefits of vaccination”).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Let’s get back to normal”: emotions mediate the effects of persuasive messages on willingness to vaccinate for COVID-19

Muis,

Kendeou,

Kohatsu

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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ObjectiveWe examined the effectiveness of three different messages for persuading individuals to get vaccinated against COVID-19, and the role that emotions play in persuasion.MethodsFour hundred-thirty-six participants reported their concern about the COVID-19 pandemic and confidence/hesitancy toward vaccines. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three text conditions: (1) self-interest: a persuasive message that focused on how much of a “serious threat COVID-19 is to you,” and to get vaccinated to “protect yourself”; (2) self-interest + altruistic: a persuasive message that focused on the “threat to you and your community” and to get vaccinated to “protect you and your loved ones”; (3) self-interest + altruistic + normal: a persuasive message that included (2) but added “This is the only way we can get back to a normal life.”; and, (4) a baseline control: no text. After reading, participants reported their emotions toward COVID-19 vaccines and their willingness to get vaccinated.ResultsIndividuals in the self-interest + altruistic + normal condition were more willing to get vaccinated compared to the control condition and self-interest + altruistic condition. However, there were no differences in willingness between the self-interest + altruistic + normal condition and the self-interest condition. Moreover, emotions mediated relations between vaccine confidence/hesitancy and willingness.ConclusionA message that focuses on “getting back to normal” can achieve important public health action by increasing vaccine uptake to protect the population. Future work is needed across multiple countries and contexts (i.e., non-pandemic) to assess message effectiveness.

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“…Strategies for addressing vaccine hesitancy have met with mixed success, both historically and with the current COVID-19 vaccines 7,[10][11][12][13][14] . Effective interventions for vaccine hesitancy require addressing the various drivers of the target population's vaccine hesitancy with multi-faceted intervention strategies 10,15,16 .…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Effective COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Intervention Focused on the Relative Risks of Vaccination and Infection

Byerley¹,

Horne²,

Gong³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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We designed the Relative Risk Tool (RRT) to give people access to the same quantitative peer-reviewed information about the risks and benefits of vaccination that professionals use to make determinations about approving vaccines. Based on our initial qualitative research and the known associations between concern about vaccination risk and vaccine hesitancy, we hypothesized that the RRT would change some people’s assessment of relative risk of vaccination and infection and reduce vaccine hesitancy. We surveyed U.S. residents in May 2022 (N = 400) and November 2022 (N = 615). We found 38.5% (May) and 34.1% (November) thought vaccination was at least as risky for them as infection, and risk perception was associated with future vaccination intent. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to understand how vaccination intent changed after being randomly assigned to view information about the relative risks of vaccination and infection from the RRT or the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Both the RRT and CDC information increased intention to accept vaccines, but the RRT information had larger effect size. The RRT is novel because it provides accurate information about the risks of serious adverse outcomes to vaccination and still increases vaccination intent.

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The ‘Fauci Effect’: Reducing COVID-19 misconceptions and vaccine hesitancy using an authentic multimodal intervention

Cited by 10 publications

References 59 publications

Quality of Cerebral Palsy-Related Videos on Chinese Social Media Platforms

Quality of Cerebral Palsy-Related Videos on Chinese Social Media Platforms

“Let’s get back to normal”: emotions mediate the effects of persuasive messages on willingness to vaccinate for COVID-19

An Effective COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Intervention Focused on the Relative Risks of Vaccination and Infection

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