The fatty acid profile in the yolk and yolk sac from incubated goose eggs depends on the breeder age and laying period

The developmental pattern related to fatty acid uptake and oxidation in the yolk sac membrane and jejunum during embryogenesis in Muscovy duck

“…This pattern was consistent with the results reported in previous studies that the FAs uptake between the YSM and jejunum was significantly increased to support embryonic growth ( Dube et al, 2012 ; Pepino et al, 2014 ). Furthermore, the protein expression of PPARα and CPT1 increased ( P < 0.05) linearly or quadratic manner both in YSM and jejunum, reached a plateau period of E22–E31 ( Figures 3 B– 3 E), which was highly coordinated with the decrease of the amounts of fat and fatty acid in YS in this study ( Table 2 ) and the increase of the ratio of fat uptake to poultry embryo weight as reported previously ( Yadgary et al, 2010 ; Lešić et al, 2017 ; Kucharska-Gaca et al, 2023 ). Several studies have found that the expression levels of genes associated with fatty acid oxidation ( PPARα and CPT1 ) were significantly up-regulated in the YSM and jejunum during the growth of chick embryos ( Fu et al, 2020 ; Fu et al, 2022 ).…”

The physicochemical features of eggshell, thick albumen, amniotic fluid, and yolk during chicken embryogenesis

“…It indicates individual acids, including those from the PUFA group. Kucharska-Gaca et al (2023) also showed changes in the content of fatty acids, including PUFA, on different days of incubation of goose eggs, depending on the age of the flock and the laying period. The above confirms the selective use of fatty acids by embryos.…”