The fatty acid composition of triglycerides in arteries, depot fat and serum of amputated diabetics

Сингер, Петер; Gnauck, G; Honigmann, G; Schliack, V; Laeuter, Juergen

doi:10.1016/0021-9150(77)90202-7

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…These findings are consistent with human studies (19). Thus, oleate is the principal fatty acid in triglycerides within the arterial wall of people with and without diabetes (20). Although no direct measurements have been done to date, these studies suggest that the arterial wall is exposed to elevated levels of oleate and other long-chain fatty acids in people with diabetes.…”

Section: Cardiovascular Disease and Its Association With Diabetes Andsupporting

confidence: 87%

Direct effects of long-chain non-esterified fatty acids on vascular cells and their relevance to macrovascular complications of diabetes

Oram

Bornfeldt

2004

Front Biosci

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Diabetes leads to a marked increase in cardiovascular disease caused by atherosclerosis. Cardiovascular complications of diabetes are associated with lipid abnormalities, mainly manifested as elevated levels of triglycerides. Hydrolysis of triglycerides by lipases in the arterial wall is believed to cause increased levels of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) in lesions of atherosclerosis. Recent research has shown that long-chain NEFAs have a multitude of direct effects on cell types involved in atherogenesis. Thus, some of the most common long-chained fatty acids present in triglycerides, oleic acid and linoleic acid, have been shown to induce adhesion molecule expression, cytokine expression and apoptosis in endothelial cells, to increase cholesterol uptake and reduce cholesterol efflux in macrophages, and to increase arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Certain NEFAs liberated from triglycerides may therefore play an important role in accelerating atherosclerosis caused by diabetes by directly affecting the key cell types involved in atherogenesis.

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Section: Cardiovascular Disease and Its Association With Diabetes Andsupporting

confidence: 87%

Direct effects of long-chain non-esterified fatty acids on vascular cells and their relevance to macrovascular complications of diabetes

Oram

Bornfeldt

2004

Front Biosci

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“…Oleate is the principal fatty acid in triglycerides within the arterial wall of people with and without diabetes [60]. Although relative levels of oleate (expressed as percentage of total fatty acids) in circulating triglycerides are often found to be similar in people and animals with and without Type 1 diabetes [17,20], some studies have shown an increased level of oleate in triglycerides or total serum lipids from Type 2 diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic patients [20,61].…”

Section: Increased Levels Of Circulating Oa-containing Triglycerides mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oleate, not ligands of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products, promotes proliferation of human arterial smooth muscle cells

et al. 2003

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Aims/hypothesis. Diabetes accelerates cardiovascular disease caused by atherosclerosis. Accordingly, diabetes accelerates atherosclerotic lesion progression and increases arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation. We hypothesized that diabetes can exert growth-promoting effects on smooth muscle cells via increased advanced glycation end-products or by dyslipidaemia. Methods. Primary human arterial smooth muscle cells were stimulated with advanced glycation end-products, other ligands of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products or fatty acids common in triglycerides. Cell proliferation was measured as DNA synthesis, cell cycle distribution and cell number. Effects of oleate on cellular phospholipids, diacylglycerol, triglycerides and cholesterol esters were analyzed by thin-layer chromatography, and oleate accumulation into diacylglycerol was confirmed by gas chromatography. Results. Human arterial smooth muscle cells express the receptor for advanced glycation end-products, but its ligands N ε -(carboxymethyl)lysine-modified proteins, methylglyoxal-modified proteins, S100B polypeptide and amyloid-β (1-40) peptide, exert no mitogenic action. Instead, oleate, one of the most common fatty acids in triglycerides, enhances platelet-derived growth factor-BB-mediated proliferation and oleate-containing 1,2-diacylglycerol formation in smooth muscle cells. This mitogenic effect of oleate depends on phospholipase D activity and is associated with an increased formation of oleate-enriched 1,2-diacylglycerol. Conclusion/interpretation. Oleate, not ligands of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products, acts as an enhancer of human smooth muscle cell proliferation. Thus, lipid abnormalities, rather than hyperglycaemia, could be a major factor promoting proliferation of smooth muscle cells in atherosclerotic lesions. [Diabetologia (2003[Diabetologia ( ) 46:1676[Diabetologia ( -1687 Keywords Atherosclerosis, diabetes, diacylglycerol, fatty acids, platelet-derived growth factor, phospholipase D, triglycerides. Atherosclerosis is accelerated by both Type I and Type 2 diabetes [1] by mechanisms that are poorly understood. Proliferation of arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in lesions of atherosclerosis plays an important role in progression of early fatty streaks to fibroatheromas. We have recently reported that increased SMC proliferation in fibroatheromas occurs concomitantly with hyperglycaemia and an increased plasma triglyceride concentration in a porcine model of diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis [2]. However, increased plasma glucose concentrations do not directly stimulate proliferation of SMCs isolated from these animals or from human subjects [2]. In this study, we investigated advanced glycation end-products (AGEs)

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Adipose hormone‐sensitive lipase preferentially releases polyunsaturated fatty acids from triglycerides

Gavino

1992

Lipids

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Rat adipose hormone-sensitive lipase-mediated release of fatty acids from triglycerides was studied in three model systems: i) cultured preadipocytes containing polyunsaturated fatty acid-enriched triglyceride; ii) perfused epididymal fat pads; and iii) in vitro incubations of crude preparations of hormone-sensitive lipase with synthetic triglyceride-analogues as substrates. We found that cultured preadipocytes challenged with 10 microM norepinephrine tended to release more omega 6 and omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids than saturated fatty acids. Fat pads perfused with 10 microM norepinephrine preferentially released arachidonate and alpha-linolenate but tended to retain oleate and linoleate. Finally, crude preparations of hormone-sensitive lipase released from the triglyceride-analogue substrates alpha-linolenate twice as fast as oleate. We conclude that rat adipose hormone-sensitive lipase preferentially releases polyunsaturated fatty acids from triglycerides. We suggest that this may be a mechanism by which these fatty acids are kept from being trapped in fat depots and maintained in the circulation.

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The fatty acid composition of triglycerides in arteries, depot fat and serum of amputated diabetics

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Direct effects of long-chain non-esterified fatty acids on vascular cells and their relevance to macrovascular complications of diabetes

Direct effects of long-chain non-esterified fatty acids on vascular cells and their relevance to macrovascular complications of diabetes

Oleate, not ligands of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products, promotes proliferation of human arterial smooth muscle cells

Adipose hormone‐sensitive lipase preferentially releases polyunsaturated fatty acids from triglycerides

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