The fate of the bodies of executed persons in the Anatomical Institute of Halle between 1933 and 1945

Schultka, Rüdiger; Viebig, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.aanat.2011.08.008

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“… Sources for data: Bonn: Forsbach,2006, p 543 ff; Cologne: Kaiser, 2013 and personal communication; Giessen: Oehler‐Klein et al, 2007 and 2012; Göttingen: Beushausen et al, ; Ude‐Koeller et al ; Halle: Viebig ; Schultka and Viebig, ; Hamburg: Rothmaler, ; Heidelberg: Eckart et al, ; Jena: Redies et al, ; Kiel: Buddecke, ; Marburg: Grundmann and Aumüller, ; Strassburg: Lang, , p 176; Tübingen: Schönhagen, ; Vienna: Angetter, ; Malina and Spann, ; Würzburg: Blessing, 2012.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Göttingen and Berlin, which saw an overall decline in the delivery of bodies from psychiatric hospitals (Bussche, ; p 156ff; Beushausen et al, ; p 233ff; Noack, ; p 14/15). Also, there were no records of “euthanasia” victims ending up at the anatomy in Halle, despite the fact that the central extermination facility of Bernburg was close by (Schultka and Viebig, ). An as yet unique situation ensued in Würzburg.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These researchers were able to trace individual prisoners from the execution chamber to the anatomical departments to which they were delivered. Michael Viebig of the memorial “ Roter Ochse ” in Halle has provided such data to the studies of the anatomical institutes in Halle and Jena (Viebig, ; Schultka and Viebig, ) and Wilfried Knauer at the memorial of Wolfenbüttel prison supplied information for the investigation in Göttingen (Ude‐Koeller et al, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other authors, e.g. Schultka and Viebig (), have excluded persons executed for so‐called “serious crimes” ( Schwerverbrecher ) from their definition of NS victim, thus separating them from persons who were executed for political reasons. However, given the fact that execution rates for capital offenses like murder had dropped to very low rates in the Weimar republic and women were not executed at all (Evans, ; Siebenpfeiffer, ), the current study views those executed for “serious crimes” also as victims of the NS regime, as most of them would most likely not have been executed before 1933.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Current status of identification of victims of the National Socialist regime whose bodies were used for anatomical purposes

Hildebrandt

2013

Clinical Anatomy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Research on the history of anatomy in the Third Reich has often focused on anatomists who collaborated with the National Socialist (NS) regime. Only recently has attention shifted to investigations of the victims, of which there are two groups: anatomists whose careers were disrupted by NS policies, and victims of the NS regime whose bodies were used for anatomical purposes. No systematic approach has yet been undertaken toward the identification of all the different groups of victims and the individuals' fates. This overview of currently available data on NS victims whose bodies were used for anatomical purposes reveals that an estimated total number of all bodies delivered to departments of anatomy lies at more than 40,000, and the so far documented number of executed persons among them at a minimum of 3,749. The traditional sources of body procurement and their significant changes in character during the NS period can be traced. Postwar attempts on finding the fate and identity of bodies of NS victims in anatomy can be divided into three phases. Most investigations focused on the removal of remaining "material" from NS victims from the anatomical collections, while identification and remembrance of individual victims was not a priority. So far, about 500 NS victims' names and biographies have been at least partially identified. Existing memorials rarely name individuals. New approaches to the identification of victims and the potential of a databank for these victims' biographies as an appropriate manner of remembrance are examined in this study.

show abstract

Section: Resultsunclassified

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Current status of identification of victims of the National Socialist regime whose bodies were used for anatomical purposes

Hildebrandt

2013

Clinical Anatomy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Famous and important anatomical collections are also available at other institutions: the anatomical collections of the Universities of Halle [2] and Berlin in Germany [3,4], of Vienna in Austria [5,6] and of Bucharest in Romania [7] are all of forensic interest. These collections comprise mostly skulls, skeletons, anatomical wax models and tattoos, and they are currently used for teaching purposes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Tenchini’s collection: a forensic anthropometric legacy of 19th century Parma, Italy

Donato

Toni

Porro

et al. 2019

Forensic Sciences Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A group of 19th century inmates dead in the prison of Parma are the protagonist of an incredible scientific collection. Lorenzo Tenchini started the creation of this collection and dedicated his work and his studies to its completeness. Anatomist and academic, Lorenzo Tenchini (1852–1906) dedicated his scientific studies to macroscopic anatomy, particularly about central nervous system and its correlation with psychic function. In 1881 he became ordinary professor in Normal Human Anatomy at the University of Parma dedicating himself to the study of the anatomical organization of the brain and psychic and social disturbs. During the study of the skulls and brains of psychotic patients and the deformations of skulls belonging to patients admitted in the Hospital of Brescia, he started a collaboration with Alessandro Cugini (1829–1913), founder of the Institute of Legal Medicine at the University of Parma. Tenchini realized an anatomical collection, preserved today in the Museum of Biomedicine of the University of Parma. This collection represents the masterpiece of his research carried out during his academic activity and still a unicum in the western world, as there are no similar collection assembling such a multidisciplinary information. The peculiarity of this collection is due not only to the scientific interest of the anatomic samples and their full clinical documentation, but also to the methods employed in order to realize it. At the end of the 19th century, as a student of Cesare Lombroso (1835–1909), Tenchini based his work on the study of the face, the skull and brain of each dead inmate of Parma’s prison or Colorno’s mental hospital. These individuals as protagonists of Tenchini’s collection, leave a legacy identifiable as scientific heritage. Their skulls and brains, the reproduction of their faces through ceroplastic and other anatomical samples treated with other techniques, are accompanied by an autoptic and psychiatric full documentation, allowing the collection to be complete with every aspect related to the inmates studied. Through his work, a comparison between different kind of studies, such as psychiatry, psychology, neurology, legal medicine and anthropology, is suitable in scientific research to be realized. Moreover, data come from a forensic context: this allows a comparison with different methodologies employed in modern age by forensic expertise such as the comparison between modern and ancient medical diagnostic technique. This masterpiece represents Tenchini’s neuroanatomical research on behaviour and set a pioneering step in the history of biomedical science allowing further multidisciplinary studies.

show abstract

Dead bodies for the anatomical institute in the Third Reich: An investigation at the University of Jena

Redies

Fröber

Viebig³

et al. 2012

Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The fate of the bodies of executed persons in the Anatomical Institute of Halle between 1933 and 1945

Cited by 12 publications

References 5 publications

Current status of identification of victims of the National Socialist regime whose bodies were used for anatomical purposes

Current status of identification of victims of the National Socialist regime whose bodies were used for anatomical purposes

The Tenchini’s collection: a forensic anthropometric legacy of 19th century Parma, Italy

Dead bodies for the anatomical institute in the Third Reich: An investigation at the University of Jena

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About