The fate of chromium and nickel in subalpine soils derived from serpentinite

Gasser, Ubald G.; Juchler, Stephan J.; Sticher, H.; Hobson, William A.

doi:10.4141/cjss95-026

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The distributions of pH and bases in the profile contrasted with those described for other maficultramafic soils (e.g. Rabenhorst et al 1982;Bulmer et al 1992;Gasser et al 1995) in which the Ca/Mg ratio was less than 1 and base saturation and pH increased with depth. The trends found in our soils seem to reflect a low intensity of weathering processes (scant release of Mg) and a rebasification of the upper solum (with predominance of Ca).…”

Section: Morphological and Analytical Propertiescontrasting

confidence: 75%

“…3b). Kaolinite has rarely been reported in ultramafic soils (Gasser et al 1995). In our soils its pres- For personal use only.…”

Section: Mineralogymentioning

confidence: 53%

“…This would seem to indicate that there has been mobilization and crystallization of iron forms in the soils, partly derived from circulating allochtonous solutions rich in Fe, these processes being favored by the seasonal climatic alternation of periods of saturation of the soil with water (due to melting of the snow) with others of high temperatures and dryness. Fe o /Fe cd ratios of between 0.13 and 0.59 showed that Fe was generally present as a crystalline alteration product as occurs in other alpine areas (Gasser et al 1995). There was not enough Al o and Si o to consider the presence of andic materials.…”

Section: Morphological and Analytical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Previous studies on morphology, mineralogy, chemistry, pedogenic processes and geochemical evolution have been carried out on soils developed in ultramafic parent materials (Alexander 1988;Bulmer et al 1992;Bulmer and Lavkulich 1994;Gasser et al 1995;Bonifacio et al 1997). However, ultramafic soils affected by additions or mixing of silicon-rich materials have rarely been described.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mafic-ultramafic soils affected by silicic colluvium in the Sierra Nevada Mountains (southern Spain)

Sánchez‐Marañón¹,

Gámiz²,

Delgado³

et al. 1999

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Sánchez-Marañón, M., Gámiz, E., Delgado, G. and Delgado, R. 1999. Mafic-ultramafic soils affected by silicic colluvium in the Sierra Nevada Mountains (southern Spain). Can. J. Soil Sci. 79: 431-442. Soil properties, mineral composition, available microelements for plant uptake and ultramicromorphological gravel characteristics in skeletal soils from amphibolite and serpentinite rocks with additions of silicon-rich colluvial materials were studied in the Mediterranean region (Sierra Nevada, southern Spain). The soils (Entic Cryumbrept, Typic Xerochrept, Pachic Cryoboroll and Typic Cryorthent) showed mineralogical discontinuities, exchangeable Ca:Mg ratios greater than 1 and a pH and base saturation profile that decreases in the central and lower parts of the solum. The different soil particle-size fractions had similar mineral compositions (X-ray diffraction [XRD] and infrared [IR] techniques) retaining unstable phases (amphibole, feldspar, serpentine). Inherited or slightly transformed phyllosilicates (serpentine, mica, chlorite, talc and interstratified phases) were shown to be dominant in the clay fraction. The scant pedogenic evolution contrasted with a high free iron content. The concentrations in fine earth of DTPA-Zn, -Cu, -Mn, -Co, -Cr, -Ni and -Fe were not toxic, showed interdependence and were related to the silt, clay and free forms content. The gravel fraction revealed significant amounts of free iron and available microelements (DTPA-extractable), which could be bound to deposits of precipitated secondary forms and to finer pedogenic material present in the fragments. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations confirmed these morphological characteristics in serpentinite and amphibolite pebbles.Key words: Mafic-ultramafic soils; mineralogy; DTPA-microelements; rock fragments Sánchez-Marañón, M., Gámiz, E., Delgado, G. et Delgado, R. 1999. Étude de sols mafiques-ultramafiques modifiés par rapport de colluvium siliceux dans les montagnes de la Sierra Nevada, dans le sud de l'Espagne. Can. J. Soil Sci. 79: 431-442. Nous avons étudié dans les monts de la Sierra Nevada dans le sud de l'Espagne les propriétés édaphiques, la composition minérale, les oligo-éléments assimilables et les caractères ultramicromorphologiques du gravier dans des sols squelettiques formés à partir d'amphibolite et de serpentinite avec apports de matériaux colluviaux riches en silices. Les sols étudiés : Cryumbrept entique, Xerochrept typique, Cryoboroll pachique et Cryorthent typique présentaient des discontinuités minéralogiques, des rapports Ca:Mg échangeable supérieurs à 1 et un pH et un taux de saturation en bases plus bas dans le milieu et la partie inférieure du solum. Les différentes fractions granulométriques du sol avaient une même composition minéralogique (DRX et spectrométrie IR) retenant des phases instables (amphibole, feldspath, serpentine). Les phyllosilicates originaux ou légèrement transformés: serpentine, mica, chlorite, talc et les phases interstratifiées dominaient dans la fraction argile. L'évolution p...

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Section: Morphological and Analytical Propertiescontrasting

confidence: 75%

“…3b). Kaolinite has rarely been reported in ultramafic soils (Gasser et al 1995). In our soils its pres- For personal use only.…”

Section: Mineralogymentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Morphological and Analytical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 82%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mafic-ultramafic soils affected by silicic colluvium in the Sierra Nevada Mountains (southern Spain)

Sánchez‐Marañón¹,

Gámiz²,

Delgado³

et al. 1999

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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“…The presence of quartz does not seem to result from secondary precipitation of Si within the profiles, but mainly from eroded materials from upslope gneiss soils. Ni seems to follow the same fate as Fe (Gasser, Juchler, Hobson, & Sticher, 1995) and tends to accumulate in the horizons in which Fe precipitates as oxyhydroxides such as goethite. However, it is mostly accumulated in the amorphous fraction of Fe oxides and the partition coefficient Ni o : Ni d is much higher than Fe o : Fe d .…”

Section: Iron and Trace Metal Localisation In Soilsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Nickel bioavailability in an ultramafic toposequence in the Vosges Mountains (France)

Chardot¹,

Echevarria²,

Gury³

et al. 2007

Plant Soil

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A serpentinised harzburgite outcrop located in the Vosges Mountains hosts a population of the Ni-hyperaccumulator Thlaspi caerulescens J. & C. Presl. A complete study was undertaken to relate the variability of Ni availability along the ultramafic toposequence to pedogenesis, soil mineralogy and functioning with X-Ray Diffraction, Transmission Electron Microscope observations coupled with Isotopic Exchange Kinetics and diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid extraction of Ni. The soil profiles ranging from Dystric Cambisol to Hypermagnesic Hypereutric Cambisol were distributed unevenly along the toposequence probably due to geochemical variability of the bedrock and also complex quaternary erosion features. The richest soils were characterised by slight mineral weathering leading to Ni, Cr and Fe accumulation in the B horizons whereas the lowest saturated soils had very low-metal contents. Most soil minerals were inherited from the parent materials and there were only few traces of formation of secondary minerals. Primary minerals (e.g. serpentine, chlorite) contained low Ni concentrations (0.2%) whereas neoformed goethite, mainly in the B horizons of the richest soils, contained up to 4.3% Ni. Ni was probably sorbed onto amorphous Fe oxyÀhydroxide particles (oxalate extraction) rather than incorporated within the crystal lattice of goethite. Ni availability in the B horizon of Hypereutric Cambisols was extremely high and so was the oxalate extractable Fe. At the toposequence level, there was a high level of Ni availability in the least weathered soils and a very low-availability level in the more intensively weathered soils (strongly acidic pH). Ni availability was unexpectedly positively correlated to pH and was controlled by soil mineralogy and Nibearing mineral phases. Ni hyperaccumulation (above 1,000 mg kg À1 ) by native T. caerulescens was only reached in the Ni-rich soils as a consequence of the local edaphic factors. Ni uptake by T. caerulescens is strongly regulated by Ni availability in soils and therefore related to pedogenesis.

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Advances in long‐term soil‐pollution monitoring of Switzerland

Desaules

Ammann

Schwab

2010

Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.

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The Swiss soil-monitoring network (NABO) was launched in 1984 and comprises currently 105 observation sites covering all characteristic land-use types across Switzerland. So far, the sampling periodicity was 5 y, and the fifth sampling campaign will be accomplished by end of 2009. The concentrations of Cd, Zn, Pb, Cu, Hg, Ni, Cr, Co, and F were measured. The major results and conclusions are: (1) Even topsoils in remote areas are to some extent polluted, mainly by Pb, Cu, and Cd. However, elevated concentrations can also be of natural origin, e.g., for F, Ni, Cr, and Cd. (2) Land use alone is often a rather unreliable indicator to discriminate soil pollution.(3) After the 2nd campaign positive, negative, or no temporal concentration changes were measured. From the 3rd campaign onwards, nonmonotonous (zigzag) evolutions were frequently observed. Therefore, no certified trends can be stated after three measurement campaigns during a period of 10 y. (4) Soil monitoring is an environmental time-series problem. The only way to detect reliable signals and trends earlier is to improve the overall measurement quality (precision and bias) and to shorten the measurement periodicity. (5) The causes of temporal soil concentration changes are complex and result from natural processes, anthropogenic processes, and methodological artifacts. Hence, not all soil concentration changes are due to anthropogenic inputs. Based on the state-of-art of our experience, some basic methodological requirements and recommendations can be supported for a "good soil-monitoring practice": (1) Assurance of long-term continuity and consistency under changing boundary conditions as site conditions, methodologies, etc.(2) Implementation of a scientifically and politically appropriate spatial and temporal measurement resolution. (3) Long-term assessment of reliability (quality assurance) by adequate quantification of precision, bias, and confidence intervals along the whole measurement chain.(4) Documentation of all potentially relevant boundary conditions by suitable metadata. Only soilmonitoring results meeting these requirements are fit to support political decisions.

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The fate of chromium and nickel in subalpine soils derived from serpentinite

Cited by 31 publications

References 27 publications

Mafic-ultramafic soils affected by silicic colluvium in the Sierra Nevada Mountains (southern Spain)

Mafic-ultramafic soils affected by silicic colluvium in the Sierra Nevada Mountains (southern Spain)

Nickel bioavailability in an ultramafic toposequence in the Vosges Mountains (France)

Advances in long‐term soil‐pollution monitoring of Switzerland

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