2004
DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2004.03.034
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The fascination of the rare earths—then, now and in the future

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Cited by 40 publications
(30 citation statements)
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“…2 Á cm 2 , R L is the distance between the regions of the hybrid emitting centers or the ligand molecules in which the donor states are localized, the quantities a 0 J 0 U ðlÞ aJi are reduced matrix elements of the unit tensor operators U(l), and V l e:d represents the forced-electric-dipole contribution to the 4f-4f intensity parameters. In Equation 26, S 0 is the total spin operator of Eu 3þ , m Z is the z component of the electric-dipole operator, s 0 m (m ¼ 0, AE1) is a spherical component of the spin operator, both for the hybrids or ligand electrons (respectively in the calculus of the W e hybrid-to-Eu 3þ or ligand-to-Eu 3þ energy-transfer rates), and s 0 is a distancedependent screening factor. The quantities F and g l are given by:…”
Section: Energy-transfer Ratesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…2 Á cm 2 , R L is the distance between the regions of the hybrid emitting centers or the ligand molecules in which the donor states are localized, the quantities a 0 J 0 U ðlÞ aJi are reduced matrix elements of the unit tensor operators U(l), and V l e:d represents the forced-electric-dipole contribution to the 4f-4f intensity parameters. In Equation 26, S 0 is the total spin operator of Eu 3þ , m Z is the z component of the electric-dipole operator, s 0 m (m ¼ 0, AE1) is a spherical component of the spin operator, both for the hybrids or ligand electrons (respectively in the calculus of the W e hybrid-to-Eu 3þ or ligand-to-Eu 3þ energy-transfer rates), and s 0 is a distancedependent screening factor. The quantities F and g l are given by:…”
Section: Energy-transfer Ratesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Because of their unusual luminescent properties, triply charged lanthanide ions find many applications in different scientific and technological fields such as the lighting industry, photonics, laser physics and biotechnology, see e.g., [1][2][3][4][5][6]. If we except La 3+ , all these ions are characterized by a ground electronic configuration of the type [Xe]4f k with k varying from 1 (Ce 3+ ) to 14 (Lu 3+ ), which is mainly responsible for their interesting photophysical properties such as long-lived luminescence and sharp absorption and emission lines.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Hemmilä 1995, Wybourne 2004, Hasegawa et al 2004, Dossing 2005 and their radiative properties were essentially investigated from spectroscopy experiments on ions embedded in compounds or crystal lattices.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%