The farm, the city, and the emergence of social security

Caucutt, Elizabeth M.; Cooley, Thomas F.; Guner, Nezih

doi:10.1007/s10887-012-9086-5

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Consistent with Collier and Messick's (1975) findings, Caucutt et al (2013) identify urbanization and industrialization as key factors of the adoption of social security standards across countries. Structural change induces a migration of individuals from rural areas to cities.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 67%

On the spread of social protection systems

Egger

Rădulescu

Strecker

2017

Int Tax Public Finance

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Typescript prepared by Lesley Ellen. Terms of use: Documents inThe United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research provides economic analysis and policy advice with the aim of promoting sustainable and equitable development. The Institute began operations in 1985 in Helsinki, Finland, as the first research and training centre of the United Nations University. Today it is a unique blend of think tank, research institute, and UN agency-providing a range of services from policy advice to governments as well as freely available original research.The Institute is funded through income from an endowment fund with additional contributions to its work programme from Denmark, Finland, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.Katajanokanlaituri 6 B, 00160 Helsinki, FinlandThe views expressed in this paper are those of the author(s), and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Institute or the United Nations University, nor the programme/project donors.Abstract: This paper undertakes an empirical analysis of the adoption of various components of social security systems as well as contribution rates. Apart from economic determinants of the adoption, the empirical analysis features determinants relating to countries' political systems and contagion. We analyse to which extent a country's integration into the international network of economic and political cooperation, the similarity of political systems, and economic interdependence facilitate the adoption of social security system components between economies. We study the heterogeneous responses of high and middle to low income economies to country-specific as well as foreign countries' fundamentals.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 67%

On the spread of social protection systems

Egger

Rădulescu

Strecker

2017

Int Tax Public Finance

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“…Two more recent contributions address the rise of social security systems in less-developed countries but on different grounds as compared to our study. Caucutt et al (2013) also draw on a rural-urban divide to explain the emergence of the social security system in the U.S. in the early part of the twentieth century. Rather than pointing to the role of norms interacting with the urbanization process as we do, however, they focus on the changing role of land as an old-age savings device to explain the rise of a social security system.…”

Section: Share Of Urban Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redistributive pensions in the developing world

Kemmerling

Neugart

2019

Review Development Economics

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Redistributive so‐called social pension schemes have seen a remarkable surge in developing countries. These schemes often target the rural elderly and correlate with urbanization rates, urban rural‐wage differentials, and family norms. We use this stylized evidence to motivate a political economy model for a Beveridgean pension system with trade‐offs between four groups: the (poorer) rural old and young, and the (richer) urban old and young. We show under which conditions governments will install a pension system and increase its generosity as the share of the urban population rises, productivity differentials between urban and rural workers widen, or the social norm erodes. Our conclusion is that the role of the rural–urban divide in shaping redistribution merits more scholarly attention, as the gap between cities and the countryside widens in many developing countries.

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“…8 A Bismarckian scheme covers all the workers, who have contributed to the system throughout their working life. It provides them with a pension benefit that is strictly related to these contributions, and typically replaces a large share of the workers' previous wage.…”

Section: The Design Of Pension Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

When the State Mirrors the Family: The Design of Pension Systems

Galasso

Profeta

2010

SSRN Journal

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We study how the prevailing internal organization of the family affected the initial design of pension systems. Our theoretical framework predicts that, in society with weak family ties, pensions systems were introduced to act as a safety net, while in societies with strong ties they replicate the tight link between generations by providing generous benefits. Using a historical classification of family ties, we show that in societies dominated by (weak ties) absolute nuclear families (f.i. Anglo-Saxon countries), safety net pension systems emerged; and viceversa in societies dominated by strong families. These results are robust to controlling for alternative legal, religious, and political explanations. Evidence on individual data confirm these findings: US citizens whose ancestors came from countries featuring strong ties (communitarian or egalitarian nuclear) families prefer to rely on the government as a provider of old age security through generous retirement benefits.

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The farm, the city, and the emergence of social security

Cited by 18 publications

References 52 publications

On the spread of social protection systems

On the spread of social protection systems

Redistributive pensions in the developing world

When the State Mirrors the Family: The Design of Pension Systems

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