The Family Moritellaceae

Urakawa, Hidetoshi

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-38922-1_227

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Members of the genus Moritella are generally piezophilic and are often associated with deep-sea organisms (Urakawa 2013). One member of the genus, M. viscosa , is known to cause skin ulcerations in fishes (Urakawa 2013), although several other species are not known to be pathogens and may be commensals or mutualists. Also present at high abundance levels on various types of tissues of adult anglerfishes were ASVs from the genus Pseudoalteromonas .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the microbiome and bioluminescent symbionts across life stages of Ceratioid Anglerfishes of the Gulf of Mexico

Freed

Easson

Baker

et al. 2019

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

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The interdependence of diverse organisms through symbiosis reaches even the deepest parts of the oceans. As part of the DEEPEND project (deependconsortium.org) research on deep Gulf of Mexico biodiversity, we profiled the bacterial communities (‘microbiomes’) and luminous symbionts of 36 specimens of adult and larval deep-sea anglerfishes of the suborder Ceratioidei using 16S rDNA. Transmission electron microscopy was used to characterize the location of symbionts in adult light organs (esca). Whole larval microbiomes, and adult skin and gut microbiomes, were dominated by bacteria in the genera Moritella and Pseudoalteromonas. 16S rDNA sequencing results from adult fishes corroborate the previously published identity of ceratioid bioluminescent symbionts and support the findings that these symbionts do not consistently exhibit host specificity at the host family level. Bioluminescent symbiont amplicon sequence variants were absent from larval ceratioid samples, but were found at all depths in the seawater, with a highest abundance found at mesopelagic depths. As adults spend the majority of their lives in the meso- and bathypelagic zones, the trend in symbiont abundance is consistent with their life history. These findings support the hypothesis that bioluminescent symbionts are not present throughout host development, and that ceratioids acquire their bioluminescent symbionts from the environment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the microbiome and bioluminescent symbionts across life stages of Ceratioid Anglerfishes of the Gulf of Mexico

Freed

Easson

Baker

et al. 2019

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

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“…The taxa within each domain are associated with an aerobic and heterotrophic lifestyle (Dupont et al, 2012; West et al, 2016) or ammonia oxidation (Konneke et al, 2005; Swan et al, 2014; Qin et al, 2016), respectively. In contrast, the water in the fish tanks, both weaning- and grow-out tanks, were dominated by the bacterial taxa Polaribacter , Leucothrix , members of Flavobacteriaceae , Oleispira , Colwellia , Marinomonas , Pseudoalteromonas , Tenacibaculum , Vibrio , Mor- itella , Fluviicola , and Psychromonas ; where cultivated memb- ers are generally described as organoheterotrophic, aerobic or facultative anaerobic, psychrophilic or mesophilic micro- organisms with origin from marine environments (Yakimov et al, 2003; O’Sullivan et al, 2005; Urakawa, 2014; Bernardet, 2015; Bland and Brock, 2015; Bowman and McMeekin, 2015; Deming and Junge, 2015; Farmer et al, 2015; Sanchez-Amat and Solano, 2015; Staley, 2015; Suzuki, 2015; The Editorial Board, 2015; Dahal and Kim, 2018). The differences in microbial community structures between intake water and fish tank water were probably due to effective UV treatment of the water that greatly reduced the bacterial load, followed by microbial succession in the fish tanks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Communities in a Flow-Through Fish Farm for Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus L.) During Healthy Rearing Conditions

et al. 2019

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Lumpfish can efficiently remove sea lice from Atlantic salmon in net-pens, and production of lumpfish in closed fish farms is a new, fast developing industry in Norway. However, periodic outbreaks of bacterial diseases in the fish farms represent a large problem, both economically and ethically. Therefore it is important to obtain a better understanding of how microbial communities develop in these production facilities. Knowledge on the characteristics of microbial communities associated with healthy fish could also enable detection of changes associated with disease outbreaks at an early stage. In this study we have monitored microbial communities in a fish farm for lumpfish during normal operational conditions with no disease outbreak by using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The study involved weekly samplings of water and biofilms from fish tanks, and fish. The results revealed that the microbial communities in fish tank water were different from the intake water. The water and biofilm in fish tanks were highly similar in regards to microbial community members, but with large differences in relative abundances for some taxa. The sampled fish were associated with mostly the same taxa as in tank water and biofilm, but more variation in relative abundances of different taxonomic groups occurred. The microbial communities in the fish farm seemed stable over time, and were dominated by marine bacteria and archaea within Alphaproteobacteria , Epsilonproteobacteria , Flavobacteria , Gammaproteobacteria , Thaumarchaeota , Planctomycetes , Sphingobacteriia , and Verrucomicrobiae (>10% relative abundance). Bacterial genera known to include fish-pathogenic strains were detected in all types of sample materials, but with low relative abundances (<5%). Exceptions were some samples of fish, biofilm and water with high relative abundance of Tenacibaculum (<85.8%) and Moritella (<82%). In addition, some of the eggs had a high relative abundance of Tenacibaculum (<89.5%). Overall, this study shows that a stable microbial community dominated by various genera of non-pathogenic bacteria is associated with a healthy environment for rearing lumpfish. Taxa with pathogenic members were also part of the microbial communities during healthy conditions, but the stable non-pathogenic bacteria may limit their growth and thereby prevent disease outbreaks.

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“…Genus Moritella (order Alteromondales, family Moritellaceae) was present in A. grandiflora sample NF.17Q7 accounting for ~26% relative abundance. This bacterial group is specific to marine environments and generally classified as halophilic facultative anaerobes ( Stanley et al, 2005 ; Urakawa, 2014 ). Moritella isolates have been collected from a wide variety of environments ranging from deep-sea sediments ( Kato et al, 1998 ; Nogi et al, 1998 ; Xu, 2003 ) to tropical corals ( Rohwer et al, 2001 ; Bourne, 2005 ; Bourne and Munn, 2005 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coral-Associated Bacterial Diversity Is Conserved across Two Deep-Sea Anthothela Species

et al. 2016

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Cold-water corals, similar to tropical corals, contain diverse and complex microbial assemblages. These bacteria provide essential biological functions within coral holobionts, facilitating increased nutrient utilization and production of antimicrobial compounds. To date, few cold-water octocoral species have been analyzed to explore the diversity and abundance of their microbial associates. For this study, 23 samples of the family Anthothelidae were collected from Norfolk (n = 12) and Baltimore Canyons (n = 11) from the western Atlantic in August 2012 and May 2013. Genetic testing found that these samples comprised two Anthothela species (Anthothela grandiflora and Anthothela sp.) and Alcyonium grandiflorum. DNA was extracted and sequenced with primers targeting the V4–V5 variable region of the 16S rRNA gene using 454 pyrosequencing with GS FLX Titanium chemistry. Results demonstrated that the coral host was the primary driver of bacterial community composition. Al. grandiflorum, dominated by Alteromonadales and Pirellulales had much higher species richness, and a distinct bacterial community compared to Anthothela samples. Anthothela species (A. grandiflora and Anthothela sp.) had very similar bacterial communities, dominated by Oceanospirillales and Spirochaetes. Additional analysis of core-conserved bacteria at 90% sample coverage revealed genus level conservation across Anthothela samples. This core included unclassified Oceanospirillales, Kiloniellales, Campylobacterales, and genus Spirochaeta. Members of this core were previously recognized for their functional capabilities in nitrogen cycling and suggest the possibility of a nearly complete nitrogen cycle within Anthothela species. Overall, many of the bacterial associates identified in this study have the potential to contribute to the acquisition and cycling of nutrients within the coral holobiont.

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The Family Moritellaceae

Cited by 9 publications

References 42 publications

Characterization of the microbiome and bioluminescent symbionts across life stages of Ceratioid Anglerfishes of the Gulf of Mexico

Characterization of the microbiome and bioluminescent symbionts across life stages of Ceratioid Anglerfishes of the Gulf of Mexico

Microbial Communities in a Flow-Through Fish Farm for Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus L.) During Healthy Rearing Conditions

Coral-Associated Bacterial Diversity Is Conserved across Two Deep-Sea Anthothela Species

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