The fading of radio waves of medium and high frequencies

McNicol, R. W. E.

doi:10.1049/jiee-2.1950.0008

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…An extra signal margin has to be reserved for the fading minima, the 'fading margin', and the coding has to be adapted to allow for temporary symbol loss. McNicol [87] discusses fading on vertical incidence signals between 2 and 6 MHz.…”

Section: Fadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radio communication via Near Vertical Incidence Skywave propagation: an overview

Witvliet

Alsina-Pagès

2017

Telecommun Syst

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Section: Fadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radio communication via Near Vertical Incidence Skywave propagation: an overview

Witvliet

Alsina-Pagès

2017

Telecommun Syst

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“…According to the theory proposed by Ratcli#e [1948] and developed by McNicol [1949], the distribution of the amplitudes of ionospheric echoes would follow the Rayleigh distribution if the fading is predominantly due to random movements of the ionospheric irregularities, whereas it would be Gaussian if the reflections are predominantly specular with a small component due to random movements of the irregularities.…”

Section: Fading or Radio Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some characteristics of the ionospheric irregularities associated withE_sqlayers

Chandra¹,

Rastogi²

1973

J. Geophys. Res.

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Spaced fading records at Thumba for times when Esq disappears following large changes in the geomagnetic H component are studied. The results for the periods when Esq is present are known to show fast fading, westward drift, and highly elongated ground diffraction patterns with a small semiminor axis. During periods when there is no Esq the fadings are found to be very slow, the drift direction is reversed to the east, and the ground diffraction pattern becomes almost isotropic with a large semiminor axis, whose alignment is a few degrees off the magnetic N‐S direction. The characteristics of the fading and those of the ground diffraction pattern when Esq disappears are similar to the characteristics usually obtained at latitudes well away from the equator. The Esq is thus suggested to be a superposition of additional irregularities over the normal E region irregularities (similar to those in the E region at nonequatorial latitudes). Close dependence of the direction of the electric field with the occurrence of Esq favors the conclusion that Esq is due to the cross‐field instability created by the action of the H field with the Hall polarization field and the plasma density gradient.

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“…The sub-jec5 matter is actually encompassed in the subject of signal statistics for which there is a Special Issue [1964]. The experimental study of fading was of interest in early days [Potter, 19'30;McNicol, 1949']. A summary can be found in Ratcl•e [1956].…”

Section: F: [Cot A/r Sin 0 [Dd/da[] •/'• (190)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Propagation and application of waves in the ionosphere

Yeh¹,

Liu²

1972

Reviews of Geophysics

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This review deals with the propagation of waves, especially radio waves in the ionosphere. In the macroscopic electromagnetic theory, the mathematical structure of wave propagation problems depends entirely on the properties of the dielectric operator in a magnetically nonpermeable medium. These properties can be deduced from general discussions of symmetry and considerations of physical principles. When the medium is specifically the ionosphere, various physical phenomena may occur. Because of a large number of parameters, it is desirable to define a parameter space. A point in the parameter space corresponds to a specific plasma. The parameter space is subdivided into regions whose boundaries correspond to conditions of resonance and cutoff. As the point crosses these boundaries, the refractive index surface transforms continuously. The medium in which the propagation takes place may influence the wave in many different ways. Specific experiments can be designed to probe the medium to learn its properties.

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The fading of radio waves of medium and high frequencies

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Radio communication via Near Vertical Incidence Skywave propagation: an overview

Radio communication via Near Vertical Incidence Skywave propagation: an overview

Some characteristics of the ionospheric irregularities associated withE_sqlayers

Propagation and application of waves in the ionosphere

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The fading of radio waves of medium and high frequencies

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Radio communication via Near Vertical Incidence Skywave propagation: an overview

Radio communication via Near Vertical Incidence Skywave propagation: an overview

Some characteristics of the ionospheric irregularities associated withEsqlayers

Propagation and application of waves in the ionosphere

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Product

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Some characteristics of the ionospheric irregularities associated withE_sqlayers