The fading affect bias shows positive outcomes at the general but not the individual level of analysis in the context of social media

Gibbons, Jeffrey A.; Horowitz, Kyle; Dunlap, Spencer

doi:10.1016/j.concog.2017.05.009

Cited by 15 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…In the literature, several scholars have investigated the topic of social media, and many theories and research models have been developed to describe social networking and students' behaviors, but the most prominent theories supporting such studies of social media include the theory of personal behavior, the theory of social behavior, and communication theory. This study considered three communication theories: the theory of the magic bullet, the theory of uses and gratification, and the theory of technological determinism, respectively [67]. Prolonged sitting is considered to be one of the most dangerous factors affecting human health, making adolescents, in particular, more susceptible to various diseases, because they sit for extended hours using social networking sites, and the pervasiveness of the negative impact of prolonged sitting is growing every year.…”

Section: The Negative Effects Of Social Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Social Media on Learning Behavior for Sustainable Education: Evidence of Students from Selected Universities in Pakistan

et al. 2019

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In today’s world, social media is playing an indispensable role on the learning behavior of university students to achieve sustainable education. The impact of social media on sustainable education is becoming an essential and impelling factor. The world has become a global village and technology use has made it a smaller world through social media and how it is changing instruction. This original study is amongst the few to perform a focalized investigation on revealing the relationship between positive and negative characteristics of social media and the learning attitude of university students for sustainable education. However, this study aims to examine the constructive and adverse factors that impact on students’ minds and how these helped students to share positive and negative aspects with others. It is increasingly noticeable that social networking sites and their applications present enormous benefits for as well as risks to university students and their implications on students’ psychological adjustment or learning behaviors are not well understood. This study adapted the cluster sampling method, and respondents participated from five selected regions. Researchers distributed 1013 questionnaires among the targeted sample of university students with an age range of 16 to 35 years, and they collected 831 complete/valid responses. This study applied the social gratification theory to examine students’ behavior practicing social media usage. This study specifically identified 18 adversarial and constructive factors of social media from the previous literature. The findings revealed that the usage of social media in Pakistan has a negative influence on a student’s behavior as compared to positive aspects. Results may not be generalized to the entire student community as findings are specific to the specific respondents only. This study presents a relationship between antithetical and creative characteristics of social media and exhibits avenues for future studies by facilitating a better understanding of web-based social network use.

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Section: The Negative Effects Of Social Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Social Media on Learning Behavior for Sustainable Education: Evidence of Students from Selected Universities in Pakistan

et al. 2019

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“…The FAB occurs within 24 hr, it persists for 3 months (Gibbons, Lee, & Walker, 2011), it increases after 3 months (Walker et al, 1997), and it is related to individual difference variables (Skowronski, Walker, Henderson, & Bond, 2014). The FAB is a generalizable phenomenon that persists across cultures (Ritchie, Walker, Marsh, Hart, & Skowronski, 2014) and event types including alcohol (Gibbons et al, 2013), religion (Gibbons, Hartzler, Hartzler, Lee, & Walker, 2015), death (Gibbons et al, 2016; Gibbons, Lee, Fehr, Wilson, & Marshall, 2018), social media (Gibbons et al, 2017), and videogames (Gibbons & Bouldin, 2019). The researchers studying the FAB argue that it makes life pleasant by reducing the effects of unpleasant events, maintaining the effects of pleasant events, and helping people seek pleasant experiences (Ritchie, Walker, et al,; Walker & Skowronski, 2009; Walker, Skowronski, & Thompson, 2003).…”

Section: Fading Affect Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The literature supports the notion that the FAB is a healthy coping process/reaction leading to a positivity bias because it is negatively related to unhealthy outcome variables and it is positively related to healthy outcome variables. Specifically, the FAB is negatively related to alcohol consumption (Gibbons et al, 2013), dysphoria (Walker, Skowronski, Gibbons, Vogl, & Thompson, 2003), dispositional mood (Ritchie, Skowronski, Harnett, Wells, & Walker, 2009), state anxiety (Gibbons et al, 2017), trait anxiety (Walker, Yancu, & Skowronski, 2014), narcissism (Ritchie, Walker, et al, 2014), as well as parental abuse (Skowronski et al, 2016) and eating disorders (Ritchie, Kitsch, Dromey, & Skowronski, 2018). Conversely, the FAB is positively related to positive religious coping (Gibbons et al, 2015), death accepting attitudes (Gibbons et al, 2016), and self‐esteem (Gibbons et al, 2017).…”

Section: Fading Affect Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cognitive resource or memory mechanism responsible for the positivity bias resulting from the healthy coping process/reaction known as the FAB may very well be rehearsal. In addition to positively predicting FAB (Muir, Brown, & Madill, 2014; Ritchie et al, 2006; Skowronski et al, 2004), rehearsal mediates complex FAB effects across many contexts (Gibbons et al, 2013, 2016, 2017; Gibbons & Lee, 2019). The word “rehearsal” in these contexts refers to re‐exposure, in the form of thinking and/or talking, to the event that originally evoked the unpleasant or pleasant emotions.…”

Section: Fading Affect Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The FAB is considered a healthy coping process/reaction because it is negatively related to unhealthy outcome measures and positively related to healthy outcome measures (e.g., Gibbons, Horowitz, & Dunlap, 2017). This positivity bias concept fits well with emotion regulation theories, such as the mobilization‐minimization hypothesis (Taylor, 1991) and self‐enhancement theory (Sedikides & Alicke, 2018), which rely on cognitive processes to produce this bias.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conservatism positively predicted fading affect bias in the 2016USpresidential election at low, but not high, levels of negative affect

Gibbons

Dunlap

LeRoy

et al. 2020

Applied Cognitive Psychology

Self Cite

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Unpleasant affect fades faster than pleasant affect and this Fading Affect Bias (FAB) phenomenon is positively related to healthy outcomes and negatively related to unhealthy outcomes, which makes the FAB a healthy coping process/reaction. Rehearsal seems to be the cognitive mechanism responsible for the FAB. Although the FAB and its relation to healthy outcomes and rehearsal have been examined in many contexts, they have not been evaluated in the realm of politics. Therefore, we

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Rehearsal partially mediates the negative relations of the fading affect bias with depression, anxiety, and stress

Gibbons

Lee

2019

Applied Cognitive Psychology

Self Cite

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The fading affect bias (FAB) is defined by unpleasant affect fading faster than pleasant affect. The FAB persists across several cultures and event types, and it is positively related to healthy outcomes and negatively related to unhealthy outcomes.Although the notion of the FAB as a healthy process fits well with contemporary theoretical perspectives, such as self-enhancement theory, few studies have (a) examined and established reliable relations between the FAB and psychological distress variables and (b) established overall rehearsal as a mediator of these relations. We examined and found reliable, negative relations between psychological distress and the FAB for combined data from several studies examining different event types.We also examined and showed that overall rehearsal partially mediated these relations. These findings help legitimize the relation of psychological distress and FAB as a reliable scientific phenomenon, show that the FAB results from cognitive mechanisms, and support therapeutic emotional memory reinterpretation.

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The fading affect bias shows positive outcomes at the general but not the individual level of analysis in the context of social media

Cited by 15 publications

References 53 publications

The Impact of Social Media on Learning Behavior for Sustainable Education: Evidence of Students from Selected Universities in Pakistan

The Impact of Social Media on Learning Behavior for Sustainable Education: Evidence of Students from Selected Universities in Pakistan

Conservatism positively predicted fading affect bias in the 2016USpresidential election at low, but not high, levels of negative affect

Rehearsal partially mediates the negative relations of the fading affect bias with depression, anxiety, and stress

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