The factors associated with natural disease progression from HIV to AIDS in the absence of ART, a propensity score matching analysis

Abstract

This study aimed at comparing the factors associated with the natural progression between typical progressors (TPs) and rapid progressors (RPs) in HIV-infected individuals. A retrospective study was conducted on 2095 eligible HIV-infected individuals from 1995 to 2016 in a high-risk area of Henan Province, China. Propensity score matching was used to balance covariates, and the conditional logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the factors of natural disease progression among HIV infectors. A total of 379 pairs of RPs and TPs were matched. The standardised difference values of all covariates were less than 10%. HIV-infected individuals transmitted through sexual transmission (odds ratio (OR) 0.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.36–0.85) were more likely to progress to AIDS compared with those infected through contaminated blood. Older age at diagnosis of HIV-infected individuals (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.58–0.89) exhibited a faster progression to AIDS. HIV-infected individuals identified through a unique survey (OR 7.01, 95% CI 2.99–16.44) were less likely to progress to AIDS compared with those identified through medical institutions. HIV-infected individuals who had higher baseline CD4+T cell counts (OR 3.37, 95% CI 2.59–4.38) had a slower progression to AIDS. These findings provide evidence for natural disease progression from HIV to AIDS between TPs and RPs.

Characteristics of refined lymphocyte subsets changes in people living with HIV/AIDS during antiretroviral therapy period: An observation from Wuhan, China

“…It was found that HIV infection could weaken the immune system, exacerbating immunodeficiency in a setting of immune activation in which CD4+ T lymphocytes depletion might be crucial ( 9 ), while CD8+ T-cells are abnormally activated and increased in number. The detection of T-lymphocyte subsets, especially CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts, is an essential indicator for determining the progression of disease in patients during ART ( 10 ), formulating clinical drug protocols ( 11 ), and evaluating therapeutic and prognostic effects ( 12 ). Another characteristic of deficiency in cytoimmune function is that the ratio of CD4/CD8 reduced or even inverted ( 13 ).…”

Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination and its Related Factors Among HIV/AIDS Patients in Guangxi, China: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

“…As of October 2019 there were about 958 thousand SARS-CoV-2 infected HIV/AIDS patients in China and although the overall epidemic continues to be at a low level AIDS is still the most infectious disease in terms of reported deaths [10]. This population is characterized by a persistent decrease in the CD4 + T cell count and a dysregulated immune system [11]. Therefore, some studies concluded that HIV/AIDS patients may suffer more severity or mortality of COVID-19 combined with previous chronic disease [12,13].…”

Controladores De Elite Como Estratégia De Cura Do Vírus Hiv

“…O mecanismo de desenvolvimento do mesmo, tem relação intrínseca com o hospedeiro, afetando principalmente as células do sistema imunológico, em que ocorre uma queda significativa dos linfócitos TCD4+, o aumento dos linfócitos TCD8+, citosinas inflamatórias e proteínas SAÚDE PÚBLICA NO BRASIL: UM PANORAMA ATUAL 234 celulares, favorecendo assim, a exposição dos pacientes a outras doenças que podem ser fatais(MOOSA et al, 2018). Sendo transmitido através de sangue contaminado e via sexual desprotegida, o ciclo replicativo e entrada celular desse vírus dentro do organismo humano é algo um pouco complexo pois depende de várias proteínas, e receptores de membrana, para que então a replicação se inicie e ocorra a transcrição reversa dando origem a novos vírions contendo o genoma viral do HIV e dessa forma possa permanecer no fluido extracelular ou infectar novas células do indivíduo(MCLAREN; FELLAY, 2021)A depender da carga viral e resposta imune contra HIV, os indivíduos infectados podem ser diferenciados em, paciente com a doença em estado progressivo não tratada com os Antirretrovirais (ART),os quais apresentam altas cargas virais e baixa contagem de células TCD4+,culminando então no desenvolvimento acelerado para a AIDS(JIA et al, 2020). Os não progressões a longo prazo, são assim denominados por manterem os níveis celulares dos linfócitos TCD4+ estáveis por muitos anos sem o uso dos ART(POROPATICH;SULLIVAN, 2011).…”