The facilitation of visual and spatial discrimination reversal by overlearning.

Pubols, Benjamin H.

doi:10.1037/h0048754

Cited by 93 publications

(72 citation statements)

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“…These findings are consistent with the expectation according to the findings of Nakagawa (1980aNakagawa ( , 1980bNakagawa ( , 1999a. These findings are also explained by extant theories of discrimination learning: acquired cue distinctiveness theory (Lawrence, 1949(Lawrence, , 1950, response of discrimination theory (Pubols, 1956;Reid, 1953), selective attention theory (Mackintosh, 1965a), analyzer hierarchy theory (Sutherland & Mackintosh, 1971), and response strategy or response pattern theory (Hall, 1973a(Hall, , 1973b(Hall, , 1974Mandler, 1966Mandler, , 1968Mandler & Hooper, 1967). All these theories predict that overtraining should produce comparable positive ORE in Groups Wand eMS, and the results were observed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Effects of Overtraining on Reversal and Nonreversal Learning on Concurrent Discriminations in Rats

Nakagawa

2000

Psychol Rec

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Two experiments examined the positive extradimensional shift effect of overtraining in concurrent mixed discriminations. In Experiment 1 rats were trained on two concurrent simultaneous discriminations and then either reversed on both tasks (Group W), or reversed on one task while a second novel discrimination was introduced (Group eMS). After initial training, two novel discrimination tasks were presented to a third group of rats (Group EDS). Overtraining facilitated extradimensional shift in Group eMS, whereas it neither facilitated nor retarded shift learning in Group EDS. In Experiment 2 using two concurrent go/no-go discriminations with the same design as in Experiment 1, overtraining facilitated extradimensional shift in Group eMS, whereas it delayed the corresponding shift in Group EDS. These findings make it clear that an important factor that determines the animals performance is not only stimulus properties but also the nature of the response required.The old dispute about whether or not overtraining facilitates reversal and non reversal (Le., extradimensional) shifts in a single discrimination task has generally been resolved by conceding that it facilitates reversal shift, whereas it delays or does not facilitate at least non reversal (Le., extradimensional) shift with a few exceptions, in which overtraining facilitates extradimensional shift (Hall, 1974;Mandler, 1968;Mandler & Hooper, 1967;Waller 1970Waller , 1971). However, recently some studies, using a . whole-partial reversal procedure, have reported that overtraining facilitated reversal shift (Le., a positive overtraining reversal effect: positive ORE) under one training condition, say, of a whole reversal condition, in which both discrimination tasks were reversed, whereas it retarded reversal shift (Le., a negative ORE) under the other training condition, say, of a partial reversal condition, in which only one of them was reversed, in concurrent discriminations (Nakagawa, 1978(Nakagawa, , 1986 Correspondence concerning this article should be sent to Esho Nakagawa,

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Effects of Overtraining on Reversal and Nonreversal Learning on Concurrent Discriminations in Rats

Nakagawa

2000

Psychol Rec

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“…It is this sort of invisible shift in stimulus control, covered up by an unchanging error score, that is probably responsible for the effects of overtraining on the learning of discrimination reversals (Mackintosh, 1965c;Pubols, 1956). Rather than inferring shifting states of attention during overtraining (Mackintosh, 1965a), the error score should be abandoned as an appropriate measure of stimulus control in these experiments and replaced by direct measurement of the controlling relations pertinent to the experimental question.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SELECTIVE ATTENTION: THE EFFECTS OF COMBINING STIMULI WHICH CONTROL INCOMPATIBLE BEHAVIOR¹

Ray

1969

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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“…The obtained results were also explained by the two-factor theory of discrimination learning. On the other hand, other studies with human adults (Grant & Berg, 1948 ;Stevenson & Moushegian, 1956) and with rats (Capaldi & Stevenson, 1957 ;Pubols, 1956;Reid, 1953) found only a decrease in number of trials to reach criterion in the second discrimination problem with the increase of training trials on the original discrimination learning. It should he noticed that the effect of the prior training was examined only when the original discrimination task was completely learned or overlearned.…”

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confidence: 92%

Discrimination Shifts as a Function of Degree of Original Learning and Materials in the Original and Shifted Discrimination Tasks

Sugimura

1960

Jpn. Psychol. Res

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The facilitation of visual and spatial discrimination reversal by overlearning.

Cited by 93 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of Overtraining on Reversal and Nonreversal Learning on Concurrent Discriminations in Rats

Effects of Overtraining on Reversal and Nonreversal Learning on Concurrent Discriminations in Rats

SELECTIVE ATTENTION: THE EFFECTS OF COMBINING STIMULI WHICH CONTROL INCOMPATIBLE BEHAVIOR¹

Discrimination Shifts as a Function of Degree of Original Learning and Materials in the Original and Shifted Discrimination Tasks

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The facilitation of visual and spatial discrimination reversal by overlearning.

Cited by 93 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of Overtraining on Reversal and Nonreversal Learning on Concurrent Discriminations in Rats

Effects of Overtraining on Reversal and Nonreversal Learning on Concurrent Discriminations in Rats

SELECTIVE ATTENTION: THE EFFECTS OF COMBINING STIMULI WHICH CONTROL INCOMPATIBLE BEHAVIOR1

Discrimination Shifts as a Function of Degree of Original Learning and Materials in the Original and Shifted Discrimination Tasks

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SELECTIVE ATTENTION: THE EFFECTS OF COMBINING STIMULI WHICH CONTROL INCOMPATIBLE BEHAVIOR¹