The Facial Soft Tissue Effects of Orthognathic Surgery

Gill, Daljit S.; Lloyd, Tim; East, Charles; Naini, Farhad B.

doi:10.1055/s-0037-1606334

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…The accuracy of superimposing the surface image of CBCT and the facial scan has been evaluated in previous studies, which reported that the image fusion was acceptable with a minimum error of less than 1 mm 18 , 19 . According to the literature, postoperative swelling is resolved by almost 80% after 6 months 20 . Additionally, we analyzed the images taken 6 months after surgery without debonding to minimize any unwanted effects, such as postsurgery swelling and ensure sufficient stabilization of the soft facial tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Three-dimensional analysis of hard and soft tissue changes in skeletal class II patients with high mandibular plane angle undergoing surgery

Zhang,

Lu,

Wang

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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This study aimed to study 3-dimensional (3D) changes of hard and soft tissues of skeletal class II patients after 2-jaw surgery and genioplasty. 32 adult patients diagnosed with mandibular hypoplasia who underwent 2-jaw surgery of maxillary impaction, mandibular advancement and genioplasty were enrolled. Cone-beam computed tomography and 3D stereophotogrammetry was conducted 1 week before and 6 months after surgery. Dolphin imaging software was used to establish a 3D digitizing model and 3D measurement system. Paired t-test was performed to compare the values before and after surgery. Pearson’s correlation test assessed the degree of correlations between hard and soft tissue change. The mean impaction of the maxilla was 2.600 ± 3.088 mm at A. The mean advancement of the mandible was 7.806 ± 2.647 mm at B. There was a significant upward and forward movement for most landmarks of the nose and lip, while a significant decrease in nasal tip height (lateral view), upper lip height, and upper and lower vermilion height. The nose's width was significantly increased. For maxillary, Sn, Ac-r, Ac-l, and Ls demonstrated a significant correlation with A and U1 in the anteroposterior axis. However, there were no significant correlations among them in the vertical axis. For mandibular, Li demonstrated a significant correlation with L1 in the anteroposterior axis specifically for the mandible. Notably, correlations between the landmarks of the chin's hard and soft tissues were observed across all axes. The utilization of 3-D analysis facilitated a quantitative comprehension of both hard and soft tissues, thereby furnishing valuable insights for the strategic formulation of orthognathic treatment plans targeting patients with skeletal class II conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Three-dimensional analysis of hard and soft tissue changes in skeletal class II patients with high mandibular plane angle undergoing surgery

Zhang,

Lu,

Wang

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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“…Orthognathic surgery significantly affects the contour of the facial, submental, and cervical soft tissues. 14 In some patients who underwent orthognathic surgery, postoperative esthetics of the face and neck area may not be satisfactory therefore additional soft tissue and/or skeletal treatment modifications incorporated into the treatment plan may be required. Numerous surgical techniques were defined to correct the esthetic problems in the submental-cervical region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Orthognathic Surgery on the Hourglass Appearance of the Neck

Gülsever

Suzen

Uçkan

2022

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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In frontal view, the transition from the upper aspect of the neck to the inferior border of the mandible has a subtle hourglass appearance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the orthognathic surgery on the hourglass appearance of the neck in patients with Class II dentofacial deformity. Twenty-six patients with Class II dentofacial deformity who underwent bilateral sagittal split osteotomy alone or in combination with Le Fort I osteotomy and/or genioplasty were included in this study. The width of the most upper part, the width of the narrowest part, the length of the upper part, the height of the upper part, the depth, and the angle of the hourglass were measured on frontal facial photographs obtained preoperatively and at sixth months postoperatively. The decrease in the width of the narrowest part (P=0.012) and the right (P<0.001) and left (P<0.001) angles of the hourglass were statistically significant. Also, increase in the right (P=0.036) and the left (P=0.004) depths of the hourglass were statistically significant. Orthognathic surgery procedures performed to correct Class II dentofacial deformity positively affects the hourglass appearance of the neck, therefore neck esthetics should also be considered in the preoperative evaluation of facial esthetics.

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“…constant for both small and large displacements [27]. However, these results are difficult to generalize in simulations because of considerable interindividual variability [28]. Indeed, tissue changes depend on multiple parameters such as soft tissue thickness, muscle tone, the surgical techniques used… Nowadays, instead of displacement ratios, three-dimensional simulations of soft tissues are based on algorithms called approximation models that predict soft tissue displacements based on the forces applied [29].…”

Section: -Preoperative Simulation Of Soft Tissue Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%