The Eye as a Non-Invasive Window to the Microcirculation in Liver Cirrhosis: A Prospective Pilot Study

Gifford, Fiona J; Moroni, Francesca; Farrah, Tariq E.; Hetherington, Kirstie; MacGillivray, Tom; Hayes, Peter; Dhaun, Neeraj; Fallowfield, Jonathan

doi:10.3390/jcm9103332

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…We also compared VWF levels and each ophthalmologic parameters of RVO and found a significant negative correlation between VWF: Ag and CCT in BRVO at the baseline. Although studies examining the association between VWF and choroidal thickness are few, Gifford et al reported an inverse association between choroidal thickness and VWF in patients with liver cirrhosis [33]. Many previous reports demonstrated that choroidal thickness in patients with RVO decreases after intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF drugs [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration of plasma von Willebrand factor in the treatment of retinal vein occlusion with cystoid macular edema

Hirai

Yamashita

Matsumoto

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is a major retinal disease accompanied by venous thrombosis. Although several studies have proposed an association between venous thrombosis and von Willebrand factor (VWF), the association between RVO and VWF remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between RVO and VWF and the alteration of VWF levels under the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment. We enrolled 55 patients with RVO involved cystoid macular edema. They received intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF drugs, either ranibizumab or aflibercept. We examined the clinical data, measured plasma VWF: antigen (VWF: Ag) and plasma a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13 (ADAMTS13) activity (ADAMTS13: AC) and analyzed them to identify variabilities during the treatment. At the baseline there was no significant difference between the RVO group and age-matched controls in both VWF: Ag and ADAMTS13: AC levels but ADAMTS13:AC was significantly lower in central RVO (CRVO) than in branch RVO (BRVO) ( P = 0.015). In BRVO, the negative correlation was found between VWF: Ag and central choroidal thickness (CCT) (r = −0.51, P < 0.001). In BRVO after the anti-VEGF treatment, VWF: Ag decreased significantly from 134% at the baseline to 109% at 1 day after ( P = 0.002) and to 107% at 1 month after ( P = 0.030). In contrast, ADAMTS13: AC showed no significant difference during this period. In BRVO at 1 month after treatment, we found a negative correlation between VWF: Ag and CCT (r = −0.47, P = 0.001). Our findings suggest an association between VWF and CCT in patients with BRVO, thus the measurement of VWF may be useful for evaluating the disease activity and prognosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration of plasma von Willebrand factor in the treatment of retinal vein occlusion with cystoid macular edema

Hirai

Yamashita

Matsumoto

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The choroid, consisting of microcapillaries, and its structure can be observed noninvasively using optical coherence tomography. Several researchers have recently focused on the choroid as an indicator of systemic microcirculation [ 33 , 34 ], but the biochemical factors affecting the choroidal structure have not been well investigated. The studies examining the association between VWF and choroidal thickness are few; only Gifford et al reported an inverse association between choroidal thickness and VWF in patients with liver cirrhosis [ 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration of plasma von Willebrand factor in the treatment of retinal vein occlusion with cystoid macular edema

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is a major retinal disease caused by venous thrombosis. Although several studies have proposed an association between venous thrombosis and von Willebrand factor (VWF), the association between RVO and VWF remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between RVO and VWF and the alteration of VWF levels under anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment. We enrolled 55 patients with RVO involved cystoid macular edema. They received intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF drugs, either ranibizumab or aflibercept. We examined the clinical data and measured plasma VWF antigen and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13 (ADAMTS13) activity to identify variabilities during treatment. At baseline, there was no significant difference between the RVO group and age-matched controls in both VWF antigen and ADAMTS13 activity levels, but ADAMTS13 activity was significantly lower in central RVO than in branch RVO (P = 0.015). In branch RVO, VWF antigen was negatively correlated with central choroidal thickness (r = −0.51, P < 0.001). In branch RVO after anti-VEGF treatment, VWF antigen levels decreased significantly from 134% at baseline to 109% at 1 day (P = 0.002) and 107% at 1 month (P = 0.030) after treatment. In contrast, ADAMTS13 activity showed no significant difference during this period. In branch RVO at 1 month after treatment, VWF antigen was negatively correlated with central choroidal thickness (r = −0.47, P = 0.001). Our findings suggest an association between VWF and central choroidal thickness in patients with branch RVO, thus the measurement of VWF may be useful for evaluating disease activity and prognosis.

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“…Craig et al found that decreased ChT in chronic kidney disease correlated with lower estimated glomerular filtration rate and severe proteinuria, concomitated with the increased expression level of IL-6, C-reactive protein, and endothelin-1 ( 99 ). It was also found that endothelial dysfunction markers (endothelin-1, von Willebrand factor) were negatively correlated with ChT in cirrhosis patients ( 100 ), indicating that the morphological changes of the choroid are mediated by inflammatory diseases. Further well-designed randomized clinical trials are warranted to investigate whether ChT can be used as an auxiliary biomarker for systemic disorders.…”

Section: Clinical Significance Of Chtmentioning

confidence: 95%

Evaluation of Choroidal Thickness Using Optical Coherent Tomography: A Review

et al. 2021

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The choroid is the main source of blood and nourishment supply to the eye. The dysfunction of the choroid has been implicated in various retinal and choroidal diseases. The identification and in-depth understanding of pachychoroid spectrum disorders are based on the tremendous progress of optical coherence tomography (OCT) technology in recent years, although visibility of choroid is challenging in the era of the time or spectral domain OCT. The recent rapid revolution of OCTs, such as the enhanced depth imaging OCT and the swept-source OCT, has greatly contributed to the significant improvement in the analysis of the morphology and physiology of the choroid precisely, especially to the choroid–scleral boundary and vasculature. The present review highlights the recently available evidence on the measurement methodology and the clinical significance of choroidal thickness in retinal or choroidal disorders.

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The Eye as a Non-Invasive Window to the Microcirculation in Liver Cirrhosis: A Prospective Pilot Study

Cited by 12 publications

References 32 publications

Alteration of plasma von Willebrand factor in the treatment of retinal vein occlusion with cystoid macular edema

Alteration of plasma von Willebrand factor in the treatment of retinal vein occlusion with cystoid macular edema

Alteration of plasma von Willebrand factor in the treatment of retinal vein occlusion with cystoid macular edema

Evaluation of Choroidal Thickness Using Optical Coherent Tomography: A Review

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