The eye and the skin in endocrine metabolic diseases

Urrets-Zavalía, Julio A; Espósito, Evangelina; Garay, Iliana; Monti, R.; Ruiz-Lascano, Alejandro; Correa, Leandro; Serra, Horacio M.; Grzybowski, Andrzej

doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2015.12.001

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 161 publications

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“…The eye as "window" to the human body is representative for several systemic disorders. [24][25][26][27][28] Alveolar capillary occlusion is a characteristic symptom of COVID-19 which can lead in severe cases to respiratory failure as the blood oxygen uptake is limited. [18,51] Impaired microcirculation can be found in acute COVID-19 as well as in PCS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The eye as window to the human body can be used as “diagnostic window” for several systemic disorders. Diabetes [24, 25], arterial hypertension [26, 27] and several metabolic diseases [25, 28] show their first sign within the retina. The retinal capillary system represents the microcirculation in the whole human body; thus, retinal capillary disorders might represent the whole human microcirculation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-COVID-19 syndrome: retinal microcirculation as a potential marker for chronic fatigue

Schlick

Lucio

Bartsch

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) summarizes persisting sequelae after infection with the severe-acute-respiratory-syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). PCS can affect patients of all covid-19 disease severities. As previous studies revealed impaired blood flow as a provoking factor for triggering PCS, it was the aim of the present study to investigate a potential association of self-reported chronic fatigue and retinal microcirculation in patients with PCS, potentially indicating an objective biomarker. A prospective study was performed, including 201 subjects: 173 patients with PCS and 28 controls. Retinal microcirculation was visualized by OCT-Angiography (OCT-A) and quantified by the Erlangen-Angio-Tool as macula and peripapillary vessel density (VD). Chronic Fatigue (CF) was assessed with the variables Bell score, age and gender. The VD in the superficial vascular plexus (SVP), intermediate capillary plexus (ICP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) were analyzed considering the repetitions (12 times). Taking in account of such repetitions a mixed model was performed to detect possible differences in the least square means between different groups of analysis. An age effect on VD was observed between patients and controls (p<0.0001). Gender analysis yielded that women with PCS showed lower VD levels in SVP compared to male patients (p=0.0015). The PCS patients showed significantly lower VD of ICP as compared to the controls (p=0.0001, [CI: 0.32; 1]). Moreover, considering PCS patients, the mixed model reveals a significant difference between chronic fatigue (CF) and without CF in VD of SVP (p=0.0033, [CI: -4.5; -0.92]). The model included age, gender and the variable Bell score, representing a subjective marker for CF. Consequently, the retinal microcirculation might be an objective biomarker in subjective-reported chronic fatigue of patients with PCS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-COVID-19 syndrome: retinal microcirculation as a potential marker for chronic fatigue

Schlick

Lucio

Bartsch

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“… 3 Other ocular complications include cataract, optic atrophy, hypotrichosis, retinal degeneration, and retinal detachment. 1 , 4 Type 2 APS is a more heterogeneous group of APS characterized by Type 1 diabetes, Addison's Disease, and/or autoimmune thyroid disease as the main autoimmune diseases present with an age of onset typically between the ages of 40 and 60 years old. Its prevalence in the U.S. is 1:20,000, about five times higher than Type 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 2 The ocular manifestations in Type 2 APS are related to the specific autoimmune disease present: retinopathy in Type 1 Diabetes, band keratopathy and other ocular calcification in hyperparathyroidism, bilateral cataracts in hypoparathyroidism, and ptosis, ocular surface inflammation, corneal ulcers, cataracts, and papilledema in Addison's Disease. 4 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical, histological and genetic findings in a donor with a clinical history of type 1 Autoimmune Polyendocrinopathy Syndrome

Culp

Pappas

Toso

et al. 2022

American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports

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Purpose Autoimmune Polyendocrinopathy Syndrome (APS) is a rare condition caused by an autoimmune failure of two or more endocrine glands. In this case, we report the ocular findings and correlated histopathology from a human eye donor with a prior clinical history of Type 1 APS. Observations The 23 year-old patient originally presented with blurred vision at the 20/125 level caused by papilledema of the right eye. Bilateral pigmentary changes in the peripheral retinal were also noted. The patient passed away due to electrolyte abnormalities related to autoimmune illness. Histopathology of the posterior segments documents that these pigmentary changes were caused by pigment deposition around inner retinal vessels with corresponding outer retina atrophy. Postmortem genetic sequence analyses revealed a homozygous R257X (C to T substitution) mutation within exon 6 of the AIRE gene. Conclusions and importance The retinal findings in Type 1 Autoimmune Polyendocrinopathy Syndrome resemble those observed in individuals with retinitis pigmentosa, suggesting that similar pathological processes occur in both.

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“…La enfermedad de Graves (EG) es la causa más frecuente de hipertiroidismo 1 . El bocio, la oftalmopatía (25% de los pacientes) y el mixedema pretibial (MP) (1,5% de los pacientes) conforman la triada clásica2, 3. La EG con frecuencia presenta manifestaciones cutáneas y en el MP, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento precoz son importantes.…”

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