IET 11th International Conference on Ionospheric Radio Systems and Techniques (IRST 2009) 2009
DOI: 10.1049/cp.2009.0028
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The extraordinary wave mode: neglected in current practical literature for HF NVIS communications

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Cited by 4 publications
(6 citation statements)
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“…As can be seen, NVIS propagation is possible when fxF2 exceeds the operating frequency. This conforms to theory [Budden, 1985;Walden, 2009].…”
Section: Near Vertical Incidence Skywave B a Witvliet Interaction Osupporting
confidence: 90%
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“…As can be seen, NVIS propagation is possible when fxF2 exceeds the operating frequency. This conforms to theory [Budden, 1985;Walden, 2009].…”
Section: Near Vertical Incidence Skywave B a Witvliet Interaction Osupporting
confidence: 90%
“…Johnson [2007] compares measured 24-hour NVIS link availability with VOACAP [Perkiomaki, 2003[Perkiomaki, -2014 propagation predictions on several frequencies between 3 and 9 MHz during a solar minimum. Walden [2009] reports that several propagation prediction models neglect the effect of the extraordinary wave. In [ITU-R Rec.…”
Section: Propagation Predictionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Johnson [47] compares measured 24 h NVIS link availability with VOACAP [48] simulations on several frequencies between 3 and 9 MHz during a solar minimum. Walden [49] reports that several propagation prediction models neglect the effect of the extraordinary wave. In [50] basic recommendations and formula for ionospheric propagation prediction are provided, and in [51] a state-of-the-art ionospheric prediction model is described.…”
Section: Propagation Predictionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These characteristic waves, namely, the ordinary and extraordinary wave, have circular polarization of opposite sense. They follow a different path through the ionosphere and experience different attenuation and show different behavior [26]. They therefore produce two slightly different traces in the ionogram in Figure 2, which are shown as green and red traces.…”
Section: Ionospheric Radio Wave Propagationmentioning
confidence: 99%