The extraction and analysis of wheat phospholipids

Colborne, A.J.; Laidman, D. L.

doi:10.1016/0031-9422(75)85241-1

Cited by 56 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In addition, although the proportions of the individual fatty acids do not change, the amounts of the acyl components of PC and PE (except 18:3) also increased as the amounts of PC and PE increased and, thus, both the acyl and the head group components (of PC and PE) were highly correlated with hormone sensitivity. Phospholipid composition is of major importance in the control of the properties of membranes and membrane-based proteins (1,19,20). This is further highlighted by the fact that the phospholipid composition, both relative and absolute, of the aleurone tissue with low GA3 sensitivity is drastically different than that of the highly sensitive tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low Temperature-Induced GA₃ Sensitivity of Wheat

Singh

Paleg²

1984

Plant Physiol.

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Exposure of isolated aleurone tissue from the wheat (Triticam aetirum) variety Kite which contains the Rht2 allele, to low temperature (5°C) for 20 h prior to addition of exogenous GA3, resulted in significant changes in the content of lipids, especially phospholipids. Sigificat low temperature-induced changes in both the head group and acyl contents of two phospholipids, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine, were detected. More importantly, these changes displayed a very close temporal relationship with the low temperature-induced increase in GA3 sensitivity. Further, this relationship was paralleled by a highly significant correlation between the changes in the phospholipids and the changes in a-amylase production. These results underline the possibility that the GA3 receptor sites are membranbased lipids.Aleurone tissue of cereal seeds, when exposed to GA3, synthesizes and secretes hydrolytic enzymes, including a-amylase, into the starchy endosperm (5). Deembryonated seed or isolated aleurone layers thus provide convenient experimental systems for the study of GA3-induced a-amylase production. In the preceding paper, low temperature was shown to increase the GA3 sensitivity of otherwise GA3-insensitive aleurone tissue of several wheat varieties. More cubation of the isolated aleurone layers were as described in the preceding paper. Where dry seeds were involved, the aleurone layers were dissected from deembryonated seeds after boiling them for 5 min.Extraction and Analysis of Phospholipids. At the end of the preincubation period, the aleurone layers were immediately frozen in liquid N2 and freeze-dried and lipids were extracted using hot, water-saturated butan-l-ol (28). The total lipid extract was subjected to partition chromatography on Sephadex G-25 to yield a purified total lipid fraction, which was further fractionated by adsorption chromatography on silicic acid column. This fractionated the total lipids into neutral lipids, glycolipids, and phospholipids. These methods have been described in detail previously (1, 28).Phospholipids were separated into individual classes by TLC as described earlier (13) and quantified by GLC according to Douglas and Paleg (3). All experiments were replicated three times, and data were subjected to analysis of variance as well as multivariate analysis of variance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This fractionated the total lipids into neutral lipids, glycolipids, and phospholipids. These methods have been described in detail previously (1,28).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Temperature-Induced GA₃ Sensitivity of Wheat

Singh

Paleg²

1984

Plant Physiol.

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“…This research found that the methanol extracts of wheat bran and wheat germ displayed in vitro a-glucosidase inhibitory activity, which may promote the consumption of more wheat bran and germ. Lipophilic compounds from the extracts were found to be active and they were also identified in the bran and endosperm (Colborne & Laidman, 1975). Wheat bran and germ arise from different cell types and structures from the endosperm (Harris, Chavan, & Ferguson, 2005).…”

Section: Gi Lowering Activity Of Wheat Bran and Germmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Wheat phosphoglycerides previously identified were N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylinositol (Morrison, 1978). Colborne and Laidman (1975) reported that phospholipase-D from wheat tissues can change the original phosphoglycerides from wheat into phosphatidic acid during solvent extraction. The native phosphoglycerides from wheat germ extract were difficult to isolate because almost all of them had been changed to phosphatidic acids by phospholipase-D. To isolate the native phosphoglycerides, phospholipase-D needs to be denatured by heat before the extraction (Colborne & Laidman, 1975).…”

Section: Identification Of Compounds Isolated From Wheat Germmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of wheat bran and germ

et al. 2011

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“…Phospholipids have been reported to account for approximately 50 % of total lipids in wheat endosperm, but to be merely a minor portion in other fractions. [32] Neural loss of 60 Da in negative-ion mode has been used to characterize phosphocholine (PC) by some researchers [33]. …”

Section: Putative Identification Of Discriminatory Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of fuzzy chromatography mass spectrometric (FCMS) fingerprinting and chemometric analysis for differentiation of whole-grain and refined wheat (T. aestivum) flour

et al. 2015

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A fuzzy chromatography mass spectrometric (FCMS) fingerprinting method combined with chemometric analysis has been established for rapid discrimination of whole-grain flour (WF) from refined wheat flour (RF). Bran, germ, endosperm, and WF from three local cultivars or purchased from a grocery store were studied. The state of refinement (whole vs. refined) of wheat flour was differentiated successfully by use of principal-components analysis (PCA) and soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA), despite potential confounding introduced by wheat class (red vs. white; hard vs. soft) or resources (different brands). Twelve discriminatory variables were putatively identified. Among these, dihexoside, trihexoside, apigenin glycosides, and citric acid had the highest peak intensity for germ. Variable line plots indicated phospholipids were more abundant in endosperm. Samples of RF and WF from three cultivars (Hard Red, Hard White, and Soft White) were physically mixed to furnish 20, 40, 60, and 80 % WF of each cultivar. SIMCA was able to discriminate between 100 %, 80 %, 60 %, 40 %, and 20 % WF and 100 % RF. Partial least-squares (PLS) regression was used for prediction of RF-to-WF ratios in the mixed samples. When PLS models were used the relative prediction errors for RF-to-WF ratios were less than 6 %. Graphical Abstract Workflow of targeting discriminatory compounds by use of FCMS and chemometric analysis.

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The extraction and analysis of wheat phospholipids

Cited by 56 publications

References 20 publications

Low Temperature-Induced GA₃ Sensitivity of Wheat

Low Temperature-Induced GA₃ Sensitivity of Wheat

Investigation of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of wheat bran and germ

Use of fuzzy chromatography mass spectrometric (FCMS) fingerprinting and chemometric analysis for differentiation of whole-grain and refined wheat (T. aestivum) flour

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The extraction and analysis of wheat phospholipids

Cited by 56 publications

References 20 publications

Low Temperature-Induced GA3 Sensitivity of Wheat

Low Temperature-Induced GA3 Sensitivity of Wheat

Investigation of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of wheat bran and germ

Use of fuzzy chromatography mass spectrometric (FCMS) fingerprinting and chemometric analysis for differentiation of whole-grain and refined wheat (T. aestivum) flour

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Product

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Low Temperature-Induced GA₃ Sensitivity of Wheat

Low Temperature-Induced GA₃ Sensitivity of Wheat