The extracellular domains of FasL and Fas are sufficient for the formation of supramolecular FasL-Fas clusters of high stability

Henkler, Frank; Behrle, Eva; Dennehy, Kevin M.; Wicovsky, Andreas; Peters, Nathalie; Warnke, Clemens; Pfizenmaier, Klaus; Wajant, Harald

doi:10.1083/jcb.200501048

Cited by 92 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(79 reference statements)

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“…Fas belongs to the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-I type family. It has one extracellular domain rich in cysteins that binds FasL, and another cytoplasm domain involved in death signals (103). FasL is an inductive molecule expressed on T cells, and weighs 40 kDa.…”

Section: Fas-fasl Intercellular Linkage-mediated Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Death Mechanisms Induced by Cytotoxic Lymphocytes

et al. 2009

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One of the functions of the immune system is to recognize and destroy abnormal or infected cells to maintain homeostasis. This is accomplished by cytotoxic lymphocytes. Cytotoxicity is a highly organized multifactor process. Here, we reviewed the apoptosis pathways induced by the two main cytotoxic lymphocyte subsets, natural killer (NK) cells and CD8 + T cells. In base to recent experimental evidence, we reviewed NK receptors involved in recognition of target-cell, as well as lytic molecules such as perforin, granzymes-A and -B, and granulysin. In addition, we reviewed the Fas-FasL intercellular linkage mediated pathway, and briefly the cross-linking of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and TNF receptor pathway. We discussed three models of possible molecular interaction between lytic molecules from effector cytotoxic cells and target-cell membrane to induction of apoptosis. Cellular & Molecular Immunology. 2009;6(1):15-25.

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Section: Fas-fasl Intercellular Linkage-mediated Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Death Mechanisms Induced by Cytotoxic Lymphocytes

et al. 2009

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“…Following trimerization of Fas after ligation with Fas-L, the receptor rapidly recruits procaspase-8 through the key adaptor protein called Fas-associated protein with death domain (FADD) (Chinnaiyan et al, 1995) that transmitts the death signal (Algeciras-Schimnich et al, 2002;Henkler et al, 2005). FADD protein carries a death domain (DD) at its C-terminal region, involved in the binding of Fas, which also displays a single serine phosphorylation site that is essential, inter alia, for cell cycle regulation and survival/proliferation in some cells (Scaffidi et al, 2000;Zhang et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Opiate Drugs on Fas-Associated Protein with Death Domain (FADD) and Effector Caspases in the Rat Brain: Regulation by the ERK1/2 MAP Kinase Pathway

García-Fuster

Miralles

Garcı́a-Sevilla

2006

Neuropsychopharmacol

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This study was designed to assess the effects of opiate treatment on the expression of Fas-associated protein with death domain (FADD) in the rat brain. FADD is involved in the transmission of Fas-death signals that have been suggested to contribute to the development of opiate tolerance and addiction. Acute treatments with high doses of sufentanil and morphine (m-agonists), , and U50488H (k-agonist) induced significant decreases (30-60%) in FADD immunodensity in the cerebral cortex, through specific opioid receptor mechanisms (effects antagonized by naloxone, naltrindole, or nor-binaltorphimine). The cannabinoid CB 1 receptor agonist WIN 55,212-2 did not alter FADD content in the brain. Chronic (5 days) morphine (10-100 mg/kg), SNC-80 (10 mg/kg), or U50488H (10 mg/kg) was associated with the induction of tachyphylaxis to the acute effects. In morphine-and SNC-80-tolerant rats, antagonistprecipitated (2 h) or spontaneous withdrawal (24-48 h) induced a new and sustained inhibition of FADD (13-50%). None of these treatments altered the densities of caspases 8/3 (including the active cleaved forms) in the brain. Pretreatment of rats with SL 327 (a selective MEK1/2 inhibitor that blocks ERK activation) fully prevented the reduction of FADD content induced by SNC-80 in the cerebral cortex (43%) and corpus striatum (29%), demonstrating the direct involvement of ERK1/2 signaling in the regulation of FADD by the opiate agonist. The results indicate that m-and d-opioid receptors have a prominent role in the modulation of FADD (opposite to that of Fas) shortly after initiating treatment. Opiate drugs (and specifically the d-agonists) could promote survival signals in the brain through inhibition of FADD, which in turn is dependent on the activation of the antiapoptotic ERK1/2 signaling pathway.

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“…8,9 At the molecular level, we and others already reported that the pro-death role of Fas palmitoylation relies on (i) the formation of supramolecular Fas aggregates 9 and (ii) Fas targeting in nanodomains enriched in cholesterol and glycosphingolipids, which is a prerequisite for proper activation of Fas-induced cell death. 8,[17][18][19][20][21] In these domains and upon FasL binding, palmitoylation allows Fas to recruit ezrin and actin cytoskeleton that lead to Fas internalization and transmission of death signal. 8 We thus aimed at understanding how Fas palmitoylation is regulated.…”

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confidence: 99%

Fas palmitoylation by the palmitoyl acyltransferase DHHC7 regulates Fas stability

et al. 2014

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The death receptor Fas undergoes a variety of post-translational modifications including S-palmitoylation. This protein acylation has been reported essential for an optimal cell death signaling by allowing both a proper Fas localization in cholesterol and sphingolipid-enriched membrane nanodomains, as well as Fas high-molecular weight complexes. In human, S-palmitoylation is controlled by 23 members of the DHHC family through their palmitoyl acyltransferase activity. In order to better understand the role of this post-translational modification in the regulation of the Fas-mediated apoptosis pathway, we performed a screen that allowed the identification of DHHC7 as a Fas-palmitoylating enzyme. Indeed, modifying DHHC7 expression by specific silencing or overexpression, respectively, reduces or enhances Fas palmitoylation and DHHC7 co-immunoprecipitates with Fas. At a functional level, DHHC7-mediated palmitoylation of Fas allows a proper Fas expression level by preventing its degradation through the lysosomes. Indeed, the decrease of Fas expression obtained upon loss of Fas palmitoylation can be restored by inhibiting the lysosomal degradation pathway. We describe the modification of Fas by palmitoylation as a novel mechanism for the regulation of Fas expression through its ability to circumvent its degradation by lysosomal proteolysis. Cell Death and Differentiation (2015) We demonstrated that Fas and FasL are constitutively modified by S-palmitoylation, a reversible post-translational modification that consists in the addition of a palmitic acid on the cysteine residue through a thiol linkage. [8][9][10] The palmitoylation of a protein can affect its interactions with its surrounding membrane lipids and proteins, therefore impacting certain properties such as association with specific membrane domains, trafficking between cell compartments or stability. [11][12][13] The palmitoylation reaction is catalyzed by the conserved DHHC (aspartate-histidine-histidine-cysteine) family of enzymes, which are characterized by the specific DHHC motif required for the palmitoyl acyltransferase (PAT) activity. 14 In human, the 23 members of the DHHC family described are localized to the distinct intracellular membrane compartments, mainly the Golgi apparatus and the endoplasmic reticulum where palmitoylation likely occurs. 14,15 Since their discovery in 2002, increasing numbers of DHHC-substrate pairs have been identified allowing a deeper comprehension of palmitoylation regulation. 16 Fas palmitoylation occurs on an intracellular cysteine adjacent to the transmembrane domain (cysteine 199 in human) and is critical for its ability to trigger cell death. 8,9 At the molecular level, we and others already reported that the pro-death role of Fas palmitoylation relies on (i) the formation of supramolecular Fas aggregates 9 and (ii) Fas targeting in nanodomains enriched in cholesterol and glycosphingolipids, which is a prerequisite for proper activation of Fas-induced cell death. 8,[17][18][19][20][21] In these domains and upon FasL...

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The extracellular domains of FasL and Fas are sufficient for the formation of supramolecular FasL-Fas clusters of high stability

Cited by 92 publications

References 41 publications

Cell Death Mechanisms Induced by Cytotoxic Lymphocytes

Cell Death Mechanisms Induced by Cytotoxic Lymphocytes

Effects of Opiate Drugs on Fas-Associated Protein with Death Domain (FADD) and Effector Caspases in the Rat Brain: Regulation by the ERK1/2 MAP Kinase Pathway

Fas palmitoylation by the palmitoyl acyltransferase DHHC7 regulates Fas stability

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