The Extent of the Use of Multivitamins and Multimineral Supplements Without Clinically Measurable Benefits Among Adults in Ha'il, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Introduction Multivitamins and multiminerals (MVMM) are nutritional supplements that contain a wide range of important nutrients. The use of vitamins and minerals has been showing a tremendous increase over the past few years due to the high demand for supplements to replenish nutritional deficiencies. Purpose This study aimed to assess MVMM usage, the reasons why people chose to use MVMM, and the factors related to this usage. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted on adults living in Ha'il, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected between October 31 and December 14, 2022, a self-administered online questionnaire was used, and data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY). Results A total of 310 participants enrolled in the study, of which 240 (77.42%) were females and 70 (22.58%) were males. The extent of the use of MVMM supplements without clinically measurable benefits was more than half of the present study participants (58.71%). There was a significant difference between MVMM use and gender or employment status. MVMM usage on a regular basis was found to be associated with satisfaction with the outcomes. The majority of participants used MVMM to promote health. Calcium and vitamin D were found to be the most common types of dietary supplements used. Conclusion The use of MVMM supplements without clinically measurable benefits was more prevalent among females. It is important to promote public health awareness programs about the benefits and risks of overdose.