The extensive and intensive margins of Spanish trade

Abstract

Using 35 years of data from the Current Population Survey we decompose fluctuations in real median weekly earnings growth into the part driven by movements in the intensive margin-wage growth of individuals continuously full-time employed-and movements in the extensive margin-wage differences of those moving into and out of full-time employment. The relative importance of these two margins varies significantly over the business cycle. When labor markets are tight, continuously full-time employed workers drive wage growth. During labor market downturns, the procyclicality of the intensive margin is largely offset by net exits out of full-time employment among workers with lower earnings. This leads aggregate real wages to be largely acyclical. Most of the extensive margin effect works through the part-time employment margin. Notably, the unemployment margin accounts for little of the variation or cyclicality of median weekly earnings growth. JEL classification codes: E24, J3, J6.

Microdynamics of Turkey's Export Boom in the 2000s

“…The evidence of a dominance of the firm intensive margin in accounting for year-to-year aggregate export growth (in panel A of Table 5) is similar to what was shown for the US by Bernard et al (2009) or Spain by Lucio et al (2011), but also for emerging economies such as Colombia by Eaton et al (2008). However, the destination extensive margin makes a more important contribution for year-to-year growth of continuing exporters in Turkey (in panel B of Table 5) than in Costa Rica where it accounts for 95 per cent or more of that growth (Lederman et al, 2011).…”

“…() for Sweden, Freund and Pierola () for Peru; Masso and Vahter () for Estonia, De Lucio et al. () for Spain, Fabling and Sanderson () for New Zealand, among others.…”

A survey of empirical studies using transaction level data on exports and imports

“…(Cebeci and Fernandes 2015), the United States (Bernard et al 2009a), and for 38 developing plus 7 developed countries by Cebeci et al (2012). Similar results for imports are available for several countries, including Argentina (Gopinath and Neiman 2011), Germany (Wagner 2013b) and Spain (De Lucio et al 2011). Using data for Chile, Á lvarez et al (2010) report that an important fraction of firms start to export new products to new markets each year.…”

Understanding Manufactured Exporters at the Firm‐Level: New Insights from Using SARS Administrative Data

“…In terms of trade margin analyses, the HS6 digit level is appropriate since De Lucio et al . () argue that high levels of product‐aggregation (HS2) may overestimate the intensive margin and underestimate the extensive margin. Using a finer product classification, such as the 10 digit classification as in the case of Bernard et al .…”