The Expression of Porcine Adiponectin and Stearoyl Coenzyme a Desaturase Genes in Differentiating Adipocytes

Abstract

The gene expression of porcine adiponectin and stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase (SCD) was investigated in this study.The partial gene sequences for adiponectin and SCD were amplified by RT-PCR from subcutaneous adipose tissue and cloned by TA cloning techniques. Sequences of these genes were determined and found to be highly homologous to that of other species, suggesting similar function of these genes as in other species. The transcripts of these adipocyte-related genes in pig tissues were measured by Northern analysis. The transcripts for adiponectin and SCD were highly expressed in porcine subcutaneous adipose tissue; the transcripts for SCD were also barely detected in the liver, but the greatest concentrations were in the adipose tissue. In porcine stromalvascular cells (S/V cells) cultured in vitro, transcripts for adiponectin and SCD increased gradually during adipocyte differentiation. The level of adipocyte adiponectin mRNA was associated with late adipocyte differentiation, indicating the gene may not be involved in adipocyte differentiation but has great importance in porcine adipocyte functions. The SCD transcripts were not detectable until 2 d after induction of adipocyte differentiation. It was highly expressed in differentiating porcine adipocytes (2 to 10 d after the induction of adipocyte differentiation), indicating a significant role of SCD in adipocytes.

Abundantly expressed genes in pig adipose tissue: An expressed sequence tag approach1

“…The membrane was prehybridized at 42°C in UltraHyb (Ambion) for 1 h, and then the denatured cDNA probe (95°C for 5 min) was added at a concentration of 1 pM to hybridize with the targeted gene transcripts overnight at 42°C. The porcine 18S sequence was previously described (Wang et al, 2004), and other probe sequences are indicated in Table 1. Primers used to synthesize the probes for 18s, decorin, adipocyte (A−) fatty acid binding protein (FABP), and lactate dehydrogenase B subunit (LDH-B) are also in Table 1.…”

“…Recent research indicates that adipose tissue is also an endocrine tissue that secretes leptin, adiponectin, and other factors into the blood to regulate energy homeostasis (Mohamed-Ali et al, 1998;Havel, 2002). Porcine adipose tissue has abundant mRNA for adiponectin mRNA and its receptors (Ding et al, 2004;Wang et al, 2004) and produces leptin (Ramsay et al, 1998). These findings indicate that the adipose tissue in pigs also acts as an endocrine tissue and expresses genes involved in regulating metabolism and physiological functions in other tissues.…”

“…The FABP are important for transporting fatty acids, whereas the SCD enzyme is important because it adds a double bond to C16 and C18 fatty acids to produce the MUFA. The SCD transcript was highly expressed in porcine adipose tissue, and to a much lesser extent, in the liver (Smith et al, 1999;Wang et al, 2004). It also appears early in porcine adipocyte differentiation (Wang et al, 2004).…”

Adiponectin and resistin: potential metabolic signals affecting hypothalamo-pituitary gonadal axis in females and males of different species

“…Mammalian adiponectin genes that contain three exons and two introns are highly conserved between species (Hu et al 1996). For example, the homology between pig and mouse, rat and dog was 83, 82 and 90% respectively (Wang et al 2004). The shorter globular adiponectin (g AdipoQ) possesses potent biological activities that have similar properties to full AdipoQ.…”

Adiponectin plays a role in energy metabolism for musk secretion in scent glands of muskrats (<i>Ondatra zibethicus</i>)

“…Previous research was conducted to investigate the regulation of adiponectin and AdipoR expression in liver and skeletal muscle tissue [8][9][10]. Li et al (2005) found that AdipoR1 is widely distributed in various tissues of normal Wistar rats, with the highest expression detected in the testis and skeletal muscle [11].…”